Climate Change 11th September - 19th September

Methane + (early) Oxygen > Carbon Dioxide + Ammonia + Steam

  CH4      +         O2            >         CO2           +     NH3      +   H20

Carbon dioxide:

• Dissolves in to ocean & solidifies as shells on sea creatures (calcium carbonate)

• Creatures die > sedimentary rock formed eg. limestone, chalk

• Used in photosynthesis > becomes absorbed plants die stored in fossil fuels

Ammonia:

• reacted with oxygen & denitryfying bacteria in soil

Steam:

• condenses as Earth cools into oceans

Atmosphere now:

Oxygen > 21%          Nitrogen 78%

• Co2 dissolves into oceans
• Plants use for photosynthesis

1. Fish eats plant > fish dies

                            > CaCO3 from bones forms in to sedimentary rock

                            > CH4 forms as fossil fuels

2. Plant dies > leftover glucosse (C6H12O6)

                    > forms CaCO3 (sedimentary rock)

                    > CH4 forms fossil fuels

                                     CaCO3

Crushed Chalk             

Pumice     

Limestone                     Yes

Marble                           Yes

Methane:

• Reacts with oxygen to form C02 & H20
• CH4 + 202 > CO2 + H20

Amonia:

• Reacts with oxygen to produce nitrogen
• 4NH3 + 3O2 > 2N2 + 6H20

Carbon Dioxide:

• Absorbed by plants for photosynthesis & dissolved in oceans
• C02 + H20 > H2CO3 > HCO3 + H
• 6CO2 +6H20 > C6H1206 + 6CO2

• Most likely released from volcanoes
• Levels remain high as it is formed when ammonia reacts with oxygen
• Difficult to remove as very unreactive gas

Greenhouse gases:

• Carbon Dioxide
• Methane
• Water / steam

> Electromagnetic radiation passes through Earth's atmosphere

> Earth absorbs short-wave ultra-violet radiation

> Greenhouse gases absorb long-wave infra-red radiation trapping heat energy in atmosphere 

> The Earth is cooled by emitting these rays so hence the temp increases

Temp peaks every 100,000 years so some scientists not worried..

Carbon dioxide:

• burning fossil fuels & trees releases it
• as temp increases sea can absorb less CO2

Methane:

• cows, swamps & landfill sites release it
• rise in population = need more cows & landfil

Water vapour:

• evaporation of seas = greater amount of H2O in atmosphere (greenhouse gas)

• use renewable energy
• use biofuels instead of fossil fuels (carbon neutral)
• electric cars
• carbon caps/tax

Carbon capture:

• collect CO2 & react to from carbonate rocks
• store underground

Carbon neutral > only release the same amount of CO2 than they absorb for photosynthesis so do not add to CO2 count

Sulfur dioxide    > comes from volcanoes & burning fossil fuels

                            > reacts with rain to form acid rain - damges trees &                                 aquatic life

Nitrogen oxides > nitrogen reacts oxyge, lightning strikes & plane or                                  car engines

                           > acid rain & cause asthma attacks

Carbon dioxide > fuels being burnt

                           > climate change

Carbon monoxide > fuels burnt with insufficient oxygen

                               > binds with haemoglobin in red blood cells                                              effecting respiration

Particulates          > unburnt ydrocarbons in petrol & disease

                               > pass through cell membranes causing cancer &                                     causes global dimming