Child Language Acquisition (condensed flashcards)

1. Pre-verbal stage (birth-oneyear) - reduplicated e.g. 'bababa and variegated e.g 'daba' babbling

2. Holophrastic (one year-18 months)  - concrete nouns, 'mummy' or 'daddy'

3. Two word (18 months-2 years) - put two words together to convey meaning e.g. mummy sit 

4. Telegraphic (2 years-3 years) - likely to omit grammatical words 

5. Post - Telegraphic (3 years onwards) - speaking in largely correct sentences 

• University of Helsinki 
• gave pregnant women a recording to play several times a week during their last few werks of pregnancy 
• included the made-up word 'tatata'
• when tested after birth, the babies recognized the word and its variations 
• shows that language learning begins in the womb

• children find plosives easier to learn than fricatives 
• diminutives - 'scale' of an object reduced e.g. doggie 
• reduplication - repeating syllables within a word e.g. moo moo
• deletion - omitting a particular sound within a word e.g telly 
• assimilation - one consonant or vowel is swapped for another e.g. lellow (for yellow)
• substitution - the proces of swapping one sound for another that is easier to pronounce e.g. fink (instead of think)

Features:

• higher of melodic speech - University of Washington found that a raised pitch increased a child's lexical development 
• slower and clearer speech 
• repetition - nursery rhymes/songs 
• providing answers to questions
• diminutives 
• expansion 
• re-casts e.g. 'I runned' = 'you ran?'

1. working towards the expected standard:

- simple punctuation

- using some cohesive devices within and across sentences and paragraphs 

2. Working at the expected standard:

- adverbs, prepositons 

- wide range of clause structures 

3. working at greater depth:

- verb forms 

- formality 

• article by The Guardian 
• YouGov survey
• twice as many boys struggle as girls 
• 4% of children had not said their first word by the age of 3
• 'Dada' and 'Daddy' were the most common first words 
• caregiver most important