C1

Volcanic activity H2O + CO2

Earth cools H2O condenses

H2O forms the oceans

CO2 dissolves in oceans: Evolution ofphotosynthesising plantsadds oxygen and removes carbon dioxide

Sea creatures use CO2 to make shells

When they die, shells form sedimentary rock trapping CO2

CO2 also becomes trapped in fossil fuels.

Catalytic Converters

Oxidises carbon monoxide                      Nitrogen Monoxide is reduced

      2 CO + O2 —> 2 CO2                                               2 NO —> O2 + N2

Bio-fuels

Renewable                      Uses a lot of land

Carbon neutral               Requires harvest and transport

Electric Cars

Won’t directly pollute   Still needs power stations

Less places to refill

Takes longer to fill

Pollutant                      Formation                                        Where they go/What they do

Carbon Dioxide            Burning Fuels                                                        Water: Acid rain and Acidic sea water

CO2

Carbon Monoxide        Incomplete combustion                          TOXIC: Reduces oxygen carried by blood

CO

Sulfur Dioxide              When fuels containing sulfur are burned               Water: Acid Rain. BREATHING

SO2

Nitrogen Oxide            N + O+ high temps in car engine=NOx=N Dio.     Water: Acid Rain. NO -> NO2

(NOx)

Carbon Particulates    Incomplete Combustion                                        Settles on surfaces:Dirty. BREATHING

(C)

                                               Carbon Dioxide

                Carbon Monoxide

   Sulfur Dioxide

                                                        Nitrogen Oxide

                Carbon Particulates

                                            KILLS TREES

                 KILLS

                         AQUATIC LIFE

                 DAMAGES BUILDINGS    AND  STRUCTURES

                                      CO2

Burn less fuel                                                    Develop efficient cars

                                 Public transport                                           Legal emission limits (MOT)

            SO2

                               Remove sulfur from fuel                     

                              NOx

                           Catalytic converters

Sulfur Dioxide is an acidic gas.

We can react it with an alkali as it passes up a chimney

          Calcium               OR          Sea

                  Oxide                          Water

Combustion of coal                                                                          Combustion of Butane

Carbon + Oxygen --> Carbon Dioxide               Butane + Oxygen --> Carbon Dioxide + Water

    C      +    O2     -->        CO2                          C4H10 +     O2    -->          CO2          +   H2O

Combustion of Methane

Methane + Oxygen --> Carbon Dioxide + Water

CH4   +     2O2     -->             CO           +  2H2O

Incomplete Combustion of Methane

Methane + Oxygen --> Carbon Monoxide + Carbon

CH4   +         O2     -->           CO              +     C