Business Studies - People in Business - Revision Cards in GCSE Business Studies

Hierarchy

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management levels within an organisation

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Line managers

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responsible for overseeing the work of other staff

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Subordinates

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report to other staff higher up the hierarchy and

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Authority

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the power managers have to direct subordinates and

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Delegation

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is when managers entrust tasks or decisions to sub

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Empowerment

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sees managers passing authority to make decisions

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Span of control

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measures the number of subordinates reporting dire

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Chain of command

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is the path of authority along which instructions

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Lines of communication

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the routes messages travel along

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Delayering

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removing a layer of management in a hierarchy but

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In a centralised organisation...

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the majority of decisions are taken by senior mana

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In a decentralised organisations...

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they delegate authority down the chain of command,

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Flat organisations have...

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few levels of hierarchy. Lines of communication ar

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Tall organisations have...

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many levels of hierarchy. The span of control is n

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A job description

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explain the work to be done and typically set out

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A person specification

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list individual qualities of the person required,

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Internal recruitment

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involves appointing existing staff. A known person

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External recruitment

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involves hiring staff from outside the organisatio

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On-the-job training

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is where experienced members of staff explain a jo

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Off the job training

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is where outside experts are paid to explain a job

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Induction

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is the training given to new workers so that they

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Time rate

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staff are paid for the number of hours worked

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Overtime

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staff are paid extra for working beyond normal hou

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Piece rate

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staff are paid for the number of items produced

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Commission

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staff are paid for the number of items they sell

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Performance related pay

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staff get a bonus for meeting a target set by thei

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Profit sharing

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staff receive a part of any profits made by the bu

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Salary

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staff are paid monthly no matter how many hours th

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Job rotation

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staff are switched between different tasks to redu

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Job enlargement

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staff are given more tasks to do of similar diffic

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Job enrichment

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staff are given more interesting and challenging t

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Empowerment

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staff are given the authority to make decisions ab

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What are the five levels of motivation described b

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self-actualisation, self-esteem, social, safety, s

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Employers need to follow certain laws and procedur

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Workers are guaranteed a minimum hourly wage rate of £5.80 per hour in 2009.
Race, sex, age or disability discrimination is illegal. Businesses must be careful to treat all workers fairly. They must offer equal pay and promotion opportunities for women and ethnic minorities.
The EU Working Time Directive sets a limit on the number of hours staff can work in a week.
Parents are entitled to paid leave from work soon after their children are born. The firms must keep their post open for when they return from maternity or paternity leave.

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Redundancy

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if the business suffers a fall in sales it means t

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Risk assessment

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identifys workplace risks, and then sensible measu

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One-way communication

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is when the receiver cannot respond to a message.

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Two-way communication

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is when the receiver can respond to a message. Thi

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Hierarchy

management levels within an organisation

Line managers

responsible for overseeing the work of other staff

Subordinates

report to other staff higher up the hierarchy and

Authority

the power managers have to direct subordinates and

Delegation

is when managers entrust tasks or decisions to sub

Empowerment

sees managers passing authority to make decisions

Span of control

measures the number of subordinates reporting dire

Chain of command

is the path of authority along which instructions

Lines of communication

the routes messages travel along

Delayering

removing a layer of management in a hierarchy but

In a centralised organisation...

the majority of decisions are taken by senior mana

In a decentralised organisations...

they delegate authority down the chain of command,

Flat organisations have...

few levels of hierarchy. Lines of communication ar

Tall organisations have...

many levels of hierarchy. The span of control is n

A job description

explain the work to be done and typically set out

A person specification

list individual qualities of the person required,

Internal recruitment

involves appointing existing staff. A known person

External recruitment

involves hiring staff from outside the organisatio

On-the-job training

is where experienced members of staff explain a jo

Off the job training

is where outside experts are paid to explain a job

Induction

is the training given to new workers so that they

Time rate

staff are paid for the number of hours worked

Overtime

staff are paid extra for working beyond normal hou

Piece rate

staff are paid for the number of items produced

Commission

staff are paid for the number of items they sell

Performance related pay

staff get a bonus for meeting a target set by thei

Profit sharing

staff receive a part of any profits made by the bu

Salary

staff are paid monthly no matter how many hours th

Job rotation

staff are switched between different tasks to redu

Job enlargement

staff are given more tasks to do of similar diffic

Job enrichment

staff are given more interesting and challenging t

Empowerment

staff are given the authority to make decisions ab

What are the five levels of motivation described b

self-actualisation, self-esteem, social, safety, s

Employers need to follow certain laws and procedur

Redundancy

if the business suffers a fall in sales it means t

Risk assessment

identifys workplace risks, and then sensible measu

One-way communication

is when the receiver cannot respond to a message.

Two-way communication

is when the receiver can respond to a message. Thi

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