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Similarities
- Plant cells and prokaryotes have cell walls (although animal cells do not)
- Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have a cytoplasm and cell membrane
- Some eukaryote cells (sperm) have flagella, like some prokaryotes
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Differences
- Plant cell walls are made of cellulose, but bacteria (prokaryote) cells walls are made of the protein murein
- Eukaryotes have mitochondria for respiration and the production of energy in the form of ATP, but for this prokaryotes sometimes have mesosomes (folded cell membrane)
- All eukaryotes have membrane-bound ultrastructures (organelles), eg: 'true nucleus', but prokaryotes have no membrane-bound organelles; the nucleiod is a loose coil of DNA/RNA in the cytoplasm
- Some prokaryotes have a slime capsule, unlike eukaryotic cells
- Eukaryotes have smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum, as well as other membrane-bound ultrastructures like the Golgi body, lysosomes and mitochondria
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