Mitosis and Meiosis

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  • Created by: Em
  • Created on: 01-06-16 12:08

Mitosis and Meiosis

Similarities

  • Both begin with one diploid parent cell
  • Both stages end with cytokinesis
  • Both consist of multiple stages including: interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase and cytokinesis
  • Both stages duplicate the DNA
  • Both stages condense the DNA into chromosomes
  • Both require the chromosomes to be pulled apart by a centrosome (1 or 2 centrioles)
  • Both are pulled apart by spindle fibres formed from the centrosome
  • Both require the nuclear membrane to go away

Differences

  • Mitosis is used in asexual reproduction, meiosis is used in sexual reproduction
  • Meiosis only takes place in plants, humans, animals and fungi while mitosis takes place in all living organisms
  • Crossing over occurs in meiosis and not in mitosis
  • The cells produced in mitosis are genetically identical, but the cells in meiosis are genetically different
  • Mitosis is used for growth and repairing the body, meiosis is used for genetic diversity through sexual reproduction
  • Cells divide once in mitosis, twice in meiosis
  • 2 diploid cells are produced in mitosis, 4 haploid cells are produced in meiosis
  • The number of chromosomes stay the same in mitosis, but in meiosis the number is halved
  • Centromeres split during anaphase in mitosis and in meiosis they split during anaphase II
  • Mitosis is used to create any cell but sex cells, meiosis is only used to create sex cells

Overall comparison

Meiosis and mitosis are both needed by cells and organisms to survive, although the names and processes are quite similar there are some differences. 

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