Enzymes
- Created by: emma
- Created on: 17-03-14 22:10
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- Enzymes
- What are they?
- Biological catalysts
- Don't get used up in reaction
- Lower activation energy (minimum amount of energy required for a chemical reaction)
- Protein
- Specific 3D shape that have specifically complementary active site to substrate
- Forming enzyme substrate complex
- Specific 3D shape that have specifically complementary active site to substrate
- Biological catalysts
- Lock and Key
- Substrate enters enzyme active site
- Substrate fits exactly into active site
- Products formed no longer fit into active site
- Enzyme free to take part in another reaction
- Products formed no longer fit into active site
- Substrate fits exactly into active site
- Substrate enters enzyme active site
- Induced Fit
- Substrate enters enzyme active site
- Binding substrate induces the change in the shape of the active site
- When substrate leave active site returns to normal shape
- Binding substrate induces the change in the shape of the active site
- Substrate enters enzyme active site
- Effect of temperature
- Temp increases up to optimum enzymes have more kinetic energy
- More likely to collide and react with substrate
- More enzyme substrate complexes formed
- More likely to collide and react with substrate
- Above optimum enzyme vibrates more so weaker hydrogen bonds break
- shape of active site is changed
- No more enzyme substrate complexes
- shape of active site is changed
- Temp increases up to optimum enzymes have more kinetic energy
- PH alter from optimum
- Ionic bonds in tertiary structure broken
- Changes shape in active site
- No more enzyme substrate complexes
- Changes shape in active site
- Ionic bonds in tertiary structure broken
- Substrate concentration
- Low SC not all active sites are full
- Substrate is limiting factor
- SC increases rate of reaction increases
- Substrate no longer limiting factor
- After saturation point SC increases but there are no more enzyme active sites
- Rate of reaction levels off
- Enzyme concentration is the limiting factor
- Rate of reaction levels off
- Low SC not all active sites are full
- Inhibitors
- Competitive
- Similar structure to substrate
- Binds to active site
- Prevents normal substrate from binding
- Fewer enzyme substrate complexes
- Prevents normal substrate from binding
- Binds to active site
- Similar structure to substrate
- Competitive
- Non competitive
- Not similar structure to substrate
- Binds away from active site
- Alters shape of active site
- Fewer enzyme substrate complexes
- Alters shape of active site
- Binds away from active site
- Not similar structure to substrate
- What are they?
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