Unit Two Psychology

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  • Created by: Maddie
  • Created on: 08-04-13 15:27
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  • Unit 2
    • Biological Psychology
      • Stress
        • Stressor
          • Hypothalamus
            • Pituatry Gland
              • Adrenal Cortex
                • Release of corticosteroids
            • Autonomic Nervous system
              • Adrenal Medulla
                • Release of adrenaline and nor-adrenaline
            • (HPA)
            • (SAM)
        • General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)
          • Stage One: Alarm
          • Stage Two: Resistance
          • Stage Three: Exhaustion
        • Stress-related illness and the Immune System
          • Kiecolt Glaser et al (1984)
            • 1. Experiment: Medical students gave blood at a low stress time (a month before exams)
            • 2. They also gave blood at high stress times (during exams)
              • 1. Experiment: Medical students gave blood at a low stress time (a month before exams)
            • 3. Findings:  He found that during exams there was less NK (natural Killer) within the blood
              • 4. Conclusion: At high times of stress the immune system was less efficient at fighting disease
        • Personality factors
          • Type A
            • Excessive Competitive Drive
            • Impactient and hostile
            • Fast movements
            • Rapid speech
            • Very 'intense'
            • More likely to suffer from CHD
          • Type B
            • Less competitive
            • Less hostile and more patient
            • Easygoing and tolerant
            • Slower speech
            • Slower movements
            • Less likely to suffer from CHD
          • Type C
            • A mixture of type A and type B
          • Hardy Personality (Kobassa)
            • Commitment
            • Challenge
            • Control
        • Workplace Stress
          • Work Environment
            • 1. Noise
            • 2. Temperature
          • Work Overload
            • 1.Quantitative:(Having more work than you can handle in the time allocated)
            • 2.Qualitative: The work is too complex to complete under the conditions
          • Control
            • More stress can be felt in situations where there is less control
              • Johansson et al
        • Life changes and daily hassles
          • Holmes and Rahe Social readjustment rating scale
            • The Navy study
          • Life Experiences Survey (LES)
        • Coping with stress
          • Problem focused methods of coping
            • Seeking social support
            • Anticipatory coping
          • Emotion-focused methods of coping
            • Defense mechanisms
              • Ie: Denial or intellectualisation (Explaining it away)
            • Reappraisal of the situation
            • Arousal reduction
              • (Reduction of the senses)
          • Physiological methods of coping
            • Drug therapy ie beta blockers
    • Social Psychology
      • Conformity
        • Compliance
        • Identification
        • Internalisation
        • Asch's line study
        • Why people conform
          • Informational social influence
          • Normative social influence
          • The power of social roles
          • Social Impact Theory
      • Obedience (why people obey)
        • Milgram's agency theory
          • Autonomous state
          • Agentic State
        • Legitimate authority
        • Personal responsibility
        • Social impact theory
          • Strength
          • Immediacy
          • Number
      • Independent behaviour
        • Reactance
        • Group unanimity
        • Personality
        • Group size
        • Gender
        • Social change
    • Abnormality
      • Deviation from social norms
      • Deviation from ideal mental health
      • Failure to function adequately
        • Measured on the GAF scale
      • Biological causes of abnormality
        • Infection
        • Biochemistry
        • Genetics
        • Brain damage
        • Biological therapies
          • Drugs
            • Curative
              • Cure the problem
            • Palliative
              • Surpress the problem
          • Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
            • Brief electric shocks to the brain
              • Improves symptoms by altering levels of seratonin and noradrenaline
      • Psychological approach to psychopathology
        • Psychodynamic causes of abnormality
          • Structure of the psyche
            • All three must be in perect balance to stay 'normal'
              • Ego
              • Id
              • Superego
          • Psychosexual development
            • Oral stage
              • Oral traits such as eating, drinking
            • Anal stage
              • Possible obsessions with clenlisness and order
            • Phallic stage
              • Anxiety and inadequacy. Problems with gender identity
            • Genital stage
              • Fixations from the early years become active and affect behaviour
        • Psychodynamic therapies
          • Free assosiation
            • When the subject talks freely
          • Dream analysis
        • The behavioural approach
          • Classic conditioning
          • Operant conditioning
          • Becks cognitive triad

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