Types of Memory
- Created by: kayleigh_p
- Created on: 27-12-15 17:42
View mindmap
- Types of Memory
- Short Term Memory
- Holds information for a few seconds
- Duration: 18-30 seconds
- Encoding: Acoustic
- Temporary and fragile
- Research
- Miller - Digit Span Technique. Found people remember 5-9 items. RPs had to recall digits they were shown briefly
- Peterson and Peterson - Trigrams. Showed RPs trigrams to remember and then gave them a distracting task to prevent rehearsal. Most forgotten after 18 seconds
- Baddely - Showed RPs lists of words to memorise, some sounded similar and some different. RPs struggled to remember words that sounded similar - suggests info is encoded acoustically
- Holds information for a few seconds
- Long Term Memory
- Can store information for many years
- Duration: Up to a lifetime
- Does not rely on rehearsal like STM
- Encoding: Semantic
- Capacity: Appears to be unlimited
- Difficult to prove
- Research
- Bahrick - Showed adults an old school photo. Found that people could correctly identify classmates 48 years later 70% of the time. Shows LTM has a long duration
- Baddely - Showed RPs lists of words to memorise, some had similar meanings and some had different meanings. RPs struggled to remember words that had similar meanings - suggests info is encoded semantically
- Types of LTM
- Episodic - Experiences
- Procedural - Skills
- Semantic - Knowledge
- Evidence
- HM - shows that procedural memory is a separate store. HM's hippocampuswas removed from his brain to help with epilepsy. He could no longer form new episodic or semantic memories, but could form new procedural ones - learnt how to mirror-draw
- Vicari - reported the case of an 8 year old girl with brain damage due to removal of a tumour. She could not form new episodic memories, but she could recall and form new semantic memories - suggests that they are separate stores.
- Can store information for many years
- Short Term Memory
Comments
No comments have yet been made