Biology transport in humans
- Created by: emmimoreno
- Created on: 20-05-17 17:50
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- Transport in Humans
- Blood composition
- Red blood cells
- red blood cell adaptations
- no nucleus meaning that more oxygen can be carried
- flexible so can squeeze through small capillaries
- bioconcave disc shape so large surface area to volume ratio for more efficient oxygen diffusion
- they contain haemoglobin a red protein that combines with oxygen
- red blood cell adaptations
- platelets
- White blood cells
- Plasma
- transportation
- hormones
- urea and carbon dioxide
- glucose for respiration
- water
- vitamins and minerals such as vitamin A and calcium ions
- heat energy
- transportation
- Red blood cells
- The Heart
- arteries
- carry oxygenated blood away from the heat
- important
- pulmonary artery= lungs
- hepatic artery= liver
- renal artery= kidney
- adaptations
- thick lumen with elastic fibres and smooth muscle
- to withstand pressure
- narrow lumen
- to withstand pressure
- thick lumen with elastic fibres and smooth muscle
- capilleries
- small thin vessels found in the muscles and lungs
- adaptions
- walls are only one cell thick for efficient gas exchange
- very low blood pressure
- lumen is one red blood cell thick
- where gas exchange takes place. Oxygen diffuses through the capillary wall and into the tissues, while carbon dioxide diffuses from the tissues into the blood.
- viens
- carry blood (usually) deoxygenated towards to heart
- adaptations
- thin walls
- large internal lumen
- blood has a low pressure
- valves stop the blood from flowing backwards due to its low pressure
- circulation
- systemic circuit
- LEFT SIDE
- pulmonary circuit
- RIGHTSIDE
- systemic circuit
- The left side has thicker walls because it needs to put the blood under higher pressure than the right side
- arteries
- structure of the heart
- 'RIGHT' side
- pulmonary artery
- vena cava
- right atrium
- tricuspid valve
- right ventricle
- 'LEFT' side
- left ventricle
- aorta
- pulmonary vein
- bicuspid valve
- left atrium
- Semi-lunar valves
- 'RIGHT' side
- heart rate during exercise
- exercise increases the need for oxygen in the body as it is used up more quickly
- Your heart speeds up to pump extra oxygen to the muscles.
- Breathing speeds up to get more oxygen and to get rid of more carbon dioxide
- Adrenalin prepares the body for rapid activity by increasing the heart rate and diverting blood to muscles and brain
- made in adrenalin gland (near kidneys)
- exercise increases the need for oxygen in the body as it is used up more quickly
- Blood composition
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