The Behaviourist Approach
- Created by: Ellieeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee
- Created on: 05-06-19 11:41
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- Behaviourist Approach
- Assumptions
- All behaviours are learnt from our environment
- Focuses on observable behaviour
- Animals and humans learn in the same way so behaviourists carry out experiments on animals and apply it to humans
- Psychology should be scientific and objective - use mainly lab experiments
- Types of Learning
- Classical Conditioning is learning through association
- Pavlov and his dogs - dogs salvate when seeing food, and Pavlov attempted to match this behaviour when a bell rang
- UCS (Food)-> UCR (Salvation)
- NS (Bell)
- UCS (Food) + NS (Bell) -> UCR (Salvation)
- CS (Bell) -> CR (Salvation)
- Operant Conditioning is learning through reinforcement, both negative and positive
- Skinner's Box - Hungry rat placed in cage, when he activated lever a food pelet fell out and the rat learned to go straight to the lever
- Other Condition - a rat placed in a cage which they were subjected to electric shock when it hit the lever the electric shock stopped and the rats learned to go straight to the lever (negative reinforcement)
- Classical Conditioning is learning through association
- Evaluation
- Scientific Credibility - used language and methods that are replicable, objectifiable and measurable by highly controlled lab settings - increasing reliability and credibility
- Has real life application - practical application - systematic desensitisation based on two process model using both classical and operant conditioning
- Environmentally deterministic - it dissociates the use of free will within a human and suggests all behaviour is determined by past experience
- Humans learning is more complex than animals, our brains and the way we see things are more complicated and therefore we cannot apply the research to humans
- Assumptions
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