Sociology- Parents and children

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  • Created by: Daisymac
  • Created on: 13-03-19 14:54
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  • Parents and children
    • Childbearing
      • Nearly half of all children are now born outside of marriage
      • Women are having children later
      • Women having fewer children
      • More women remaining childless
      • Due to decline in stigma and increase in cohabitation
      • Women have more options then just motherhood eg career
    • Lone parent families
      • Now make up 22% of all families with children
      • Over 90% are headed by mothers
      • Until 1990, divorced mothers were biggest group of lone mothers  but now its single women
      • Child form single parent is twice as likely to be in poverty
      • Due to increase in divorce and separation
      • Decline in stigma attached to being lone parent
      • Headed by mothers as
        • Belief that women are by nature suited to a nurturing role
        • Divorce courts usually give custody of children to mothers
        • Women may be less willing to give up work to care for children
      • Many lone parent families are headed by female as they are single my choice
        • Renvoize 1985 found that professional women were able to support their child without a man
      • Cashmore 1985 found that working class mothers more likely to choose to live on welfare benefits
      • New right Murray 1984 sees the growth of lone parent families as a result of over generous welfare state
        • Argues this has created a perverse incentive as it rewards irresponsible behavior  and creates a dependency culture
        • Resolved by abolishing welfare benefits
        • People criticize this as they argue befits are far from generous as lone parents are mostly women, who earn less, fathers fail to pay maintenance
    • Step families
      • 10% Of all families
      • 85% of step families, at least one child is from the woman's previous relationship wile 11% is from the mans
      • Ferri and Smith 1998 found step families are very similar to first families in all major respects, but are more likely to be in poverty
      • Allan and Crow 2001 argue that step families may face particular problems of divided loyalty
      • McCarthy et al 2003 conclude that there is diversity among these families and we should talk of them in plural
      • Due to divorce and separation
      • Due to women are more likely to have children from previous marriage
      • greater risk of poverty as often more children

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