Should the Gilded Age simply be seen as a period of reaction and lack of progress in African American civil rights? (OCR interpretation question)
- Created by: Alasdair
- Created on: 05-06-17 21:01
View mindmap
- Should the Gilded Age simply be seen as a period of reaction and lack of progress in African American civil rights?
- Yes
- White democrats regained political control of South
- Black voters dependent on livelihood from white people were subject to wholesale economic coercion
- 1880s, white planter class, or 'Bourbon' aristocracy enjoyed political power across South
- State government in South sought to exclude black people from political life altogether
- New laws introduced meaning applicants for voter registration had to pass literacy tests
- Declared constitutional by Supreme Court
- Constitutional guarantees not enforced
- West was more indifferent to black people than South
- No
- AAs found law infrequently ineffective weapon for addressing racial injustice
- Used buying power as leverage against white businesses
- e.g. setting up insurance and banking companies as well as all-black unions
- Georgia AAs built 1,544 schools that educated more than 11,000 students
- AAs established African Methodist church in 1816
- Grown dramatically at end of Progressive Era
- Segregated from white Protestant Church
- Grown dramatically at end of Progressive Era
- All-black universities such as Howard (1867), Spelman (1881) and Fisk (1866)
- Fact they had developed own businesses and universities had developed sophisticated debate over nature of full and equal place for AAs in society
- Achieved constitutional guarantees even if not enforced
- Support given by Booker T. Washington by Alabama for his institute and success of many educational establishments laid basis for great deal of civil rights agitation later on
- Economic success in North
- Part played by AAs in Westward Expansion
- Up to a quarter of 'cowboys' on Western ranches were AAs
- AA trappers, farmers, miners and shopkeepers
- One AA cowboy, Nat Lowe (or 'Deadwood ****') wrote about Western adventures and was a formidable shot and cattle roper
- All black towns in West such as Allenworth, California, and Dearfield, Colorado
- Former slave, Mary Fields, was stagecoach driver who earned formidable reputation
- AA lawmen, e.g. Bass Reeves, who was Deputy US Marshal who won reputation for arresting thousands of criminals and shooting fourteen outlaws
- Yes
Comments
No comments have yet been made