reproduction key terms
- Created by: hannahadams
- Created on: 25-05-15 20:47
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- Reproduction: Key terms
- haploid cell
- a cell with half the number of chromosomes in the nucleus than a normal body cell e.g. a gamete (23 chromosomes in humans)
- diploid cell
- a cell with the normal set of chromosomes in the nucleus e.g. a skin cell (46 chromosomes in humans)
- mitosis
- used for growth and to replace/repairdamaged tissue, takes place everywhere except the reproductive organs, one cell division, two diploid daughter cells produced which are genetically identical
- meiosis
- used for production of gametes, takes place only in the reproductive organs, two cell divisions, four haploid daughter cells produced which are genetically different from each other
- fertilisation
- the fusion of the nuclei of a male and female gamete to form a zygote. it restores the diploid number and combines different sets of chromosomes
- zygote
- fertilised ovum or egg cell
- embryo
- as the zygote divides it forms a ball of dividing cells - this is the embryo. the cells will eventually become specialised through the process of differentiation
- implantation
- the process in which the embryo embeds itself into the lining of the uterus
- differentiation
- the process through which cells become specialised to carry out particular functions e.g. differentiationresults in the formation of a sperm cell with a tail, enabling it to swim and therefore meet the ovum as it travels down the oviduct
- haploid cell
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