Abolition of Slave Trade 1807

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  • Created by: maelysmay
  • Created on: 14-05-16 12:49
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  • Reasons for the end of the slave trade in 1807
    • Humanitarian Campaigns
      • Influence of Quakers
        • Had nationwide branches - well organised
        • Believed that to harm a human was to harm G-d
        • Set up a committee to campaign against slavery.
          • July 1783 - 2nd committee set up to publish articles
        • Presented a petition to parliament in June 1783 w/ 273 signatures
        • 1784 - 10,000 copies of their pamphlet distributed to monarchy, politicians, citizens
      • Influence of Evangelical Christians
        • Saw slavery as a sin for which you needed to repent
        • Thomas Clarkson and Granville Sharp prominent activists
        • Link to individual actions - Clarkson's essay, Wilberforce's bills etc
      • Society for Effecting the Abolition of the Slave Trade
        • Built out of the Evangelical and Quaker Campaigns in 1787
        • Used petitions, propaganda, pamphlets, education campaigns, emotive artworks etc
        • In 1792 people signed 519 petitions (Manchester 1787 - 10,700 signatures on one)
          • Petitions often signed by cotton workers in industrial cities - even though their livelihoods depended on slavery
        • In 1796 a bill was nearly signed in commons to abolish slavery, despite UK benefiting from sugar boom
      • Influence of individuals
        • Thomas Clarkson wrote an enlightenment essay in 1786
          • Succeeded in changing the views of slave owner John Newton
        • William Wilberforce presented bills to parliament every year from 1791-99
        • Granville Sharp used legal cases to pursue the abolition
          • Bought shackles, thumbscrews & handcuffs to display to people to educate them. Believed that the evils of slavery needed to be known to be hated.
    • Economic Factors
      • Wartime privateering
        • Legalised
        • Meant that slaves were lost in the middle passage
        • Led to slavery being less economically viable
      • Less economic viability
        • Ships expensive to build
          • Although they did reap profits, they were slow
        • The ship "Ann" cost £3000 to buld and reaped £4000 profit
      • New colonies discouraged originals
        • West Indies started off and now there were colonies in USA which encouraged competition, which they didn't want
        • British colonies were too well-stocked with slaves because they were born into it
          • Less need to actually transport them

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