RE ethics mindmap
- Created by: abbie*
- Created on: 22-02-15 12:56
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- R.E. Ethics
- Jeremy Bentham
- Benthams 3 theories
- His view on what drove human beings and what goodness and badness is about
- Act Utilitarianism
- Strenghts and Weaknesses
- Strenghts
- Humansitic
- Basis = max. human goal, not seek authority; grounded in humanity and does not see authority.
- Cultural diversity
- each cultire allowed to operate equally
- Intuitvely correct
- Common sense dictates all situations not identicle and sometimes different appraoch is needed.
- Yard Stick
- Bentham not against moral rules; principle of utility = method of social reform
- Humansitic
- Weaknesses
- Impossible to make calculations required
- Rule of thumb,can't apply calculus to evey situation.
- People need rules
- If you allow people to lie etc becomes too great a temptation e.g. to lie to avoid looking bad.
- Quantitive rather than qualitative in nature
- Does not treat everybody equally
- In a true sense of equality, they are only equal in that their vote matters. Minority groups will therefore always be at a disadvantage
- Doctrine of negative repsonsibility
- We are respnsible for the forseeable consequenceof the choices we make
- Sometimes we choose to act sometimes we don't either way we are responsible for our actions.
- We are respnsible for the forseeable consequenceof the choices we make
- Potential to justify any action
- E.g. sadistic guards torturing a wrongly imprisoned man
- Even though this is wrong the pleasure the guards recieve outweigh the unhappiness of the man
- E.g. sadistic guards torturing a wrongly imprisoned man
- Impossible to make calculations required
- Strenghts
- Strenghts and Weaknesses
- Benthams 3 theories
- John Stuart Mill
- Basic Information
- He established rule utilitriansim
- One calculates what is right by comparing the conse-quences for a particular circumstance This is done by comparing all relevant similar circumstan-ces or settings at any time.
- Wellbeing of the individual = greatest importance, effectively gained.
- Accepted the utility principle; concerned about the difficulty raised
- Sadistic guards example
- Basic Information
- Jeremy Bentham
- Benthams 3 theories
- His view on what drove human beings and what goodness and badness is about
- The principle of utility which is his moral rule
- The Hedonic calculus
- Bentham thought previous experiences did not always help us make moral choices and each situation was different so had to be calcuated afresh.
- Act Utilitarianism
- Strenghts and Weaknesses
- Strenghts
- Humansitic
- Basis = max. human goal, not seek authority; grounded in humanity and does not see authority.
- Cultural diversity
- each cultire allowed to operate equally
- Intuitvely correct
- Common sense dictates all situations not identicle and sometimes different appraoch is needed.
- Yard Stick
- Bentham not against moral rules; principle of utility = method of social reform
- Humansitic
- Weaknesses
- Impossible to make calculations required
- Rule of thumb,can't apply calculus to evey situation.
- People need rules
- If you allow people to lie etc becomes too great a temptation e.g. to lie to avoid looking bad.
- Quantitive rather than qualitative in nature
- Does not treat everybody equally
- In a true sense of equality, they are only equal in that their vote matters. Minority groups will therefore always be at a disadvantage
- Doctrine of negative repsonsibility
- We are respnsible for the forseeable consequenceof the choices we make
- Sometimes we choose to act sometimes we don't either way we are responsible for our actions.
- We are respnsible for the forseeable consequenceof the choices we make
- Potential to justify any action
- E.g. sadistic guards torturing a wrongly imprisoned man
- Even though this is wrong the pleasure the guards recieve outweigh the unhappiness of the man
- E.g. sadistic guards torturing a wrongly imprisoned man
- Impossible to make calculations required
- Strenghts
- Strenghts and Weaknesses
- Act Utilitarianism
- According to Act Utilitarianism when determining whether an act is right or not it is the value of the consequence that matters.
- For example a morther may steal to save the lives of her starving children
- For example a morther may steal to save the lives of her starving children
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