Public Health

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  • Created by: Julia
  • Created on: 28-05-13 10:56
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  • Public Health
    • Middle Ages
      • Water
        • Leaks in pipes
          • Water unclean
            • Some drank ale instead
        • Close to sewage
      • Sanitation
        • Rich had baths and toilets in houses
          • Poor would share a cesspit
            • Chamber pots
        • High standard of hygiene in monastries
      • Disposal
        • Dumped in water used for drinking
        • Animal and human waste in streets
        • Rakers kept streets clean
      • Attitudes
        • Thought illness was sent from God
          • No-one expected public health laws
    • Renaissance
      • Water
        • Still conduits, water carriers
        • Network of wooden pipes
        • Rich used reservoirs
      • Urbanisation
        • London had over 100,000
          • Disease difficult to control e.g Plague
      • Disposal
        • Night soil men cleared excretement
          • Not often enough
        • Rubbish put out twice a week
          • Not always collected by rakers
            • Too few officials
      • Attitudes
        • Realised link between dirt and disease
          • No germ theory
      • Sanitation
        • Some public toilets
          • Most just used "******* places"
    • Industrial Revolution
      • Water
        • water pumps
        • council had to ensure clean piped water 1875
        • soap more available
      • Attitudes
        • Germ theory
        • Laissez faire challenged
        • Reform act
          • Government had to please poor
        • Great Stink
          • Rich affected
      • Disposal
        • bazalgette's sewers
        • nightsoil men emptied cesspits
      • Urbanisation
        • london 957,000 to 2.36 m 1801-51
      • Individuals
        • snow
          • link between disease and dirty water
        • chadwick
          • overcrowded conditions cause illness
            • poor are too sick to work
              • higher taxes
    • 20th Century
      • Urbanisation
        • women and children not covered by National Insurance Act
        • standard of living amongst poor remains low
      • water
        • central heating and hot water in all homes
        • water treatment plants purify water
        • responsibility for provision of water is with private companies
      • disposal
        • flushing toilets standard in all homes
        • sewage treatment works
      • individuals
        • Bevan
          • NHS
        • beveridge
          • NHS
        • lloyd george
          • reforms after boer war
      • attitudes
        • evacuation highlighted poverty in cities
        • desire to create better future after WW2
        • Government shocked about unfit soldiers in Boer war

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