Home Economics - Protein Basics

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  • Created by: Max-Rhys
  • Created on: 13-10-15 11:36
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  • Proteins
    • Amino Acids
      • They are the building blocks of protein and needed for energy release and for most cells.
      • Limiting Amino Acid - The Amino acid in a chain which prevents it from being completed. The unused amino acids are used as an energy source.
      • Indispensable Amino Acid - are ones that they body cannot create there are about 11. Must be consumed from food.
      • Dispensable amino acids- those that can be made in the body from the indispensable
    • Usage
      • Growth - Protein is needed in all body cells and without it no more can be created therefore no growth is possible.
      • Repair - If cells become damaged protein is required to repair.
      • Maintenance- Protein is needed for the production of hormones and enzymes which help maintain homeostatis.
    • Deficiency
      • Marasmus - Usually in infants, leads to retarded growth. Can lead to build up of fluid beneath skin and slow repair of muscles and cuts
      • Kwashiokor- Infants again, retarded growth, extreme weight and muscle loss, oedema and more protein based than energy deficiency based
    • Nitrogen Balance
      • Nitrogen IN/OUT
      • Used to see if protein is in excess (body builders) or deficient (elderly or ill)
  • Rationale
    • 1 gram of protein = 17Kj (4kcal)
    • 0.75g per kg of body mass(adults) or 1g per kg body mass (child)
    • Proteins
      • Amino Acids
        • They are the building blocks of protein and needed for energy release and for most cells.
        • Limiting Amino Acid - The Amino acid in a chain which prevents it from being completed. The unused amino acids are used as an energy source.
        • Indispensable Amino Acid - are ones that they body cannot create there are about 11. Must be consumed from food.
        • Dispensable amino acids- those that can be made in the body from the indispensable
      • Usage
        • Growth - Protein is needed in all body cells and without it no more can be created therefore no growth is possible.
        • Repair - If cells become damaged protein is required to repair.
        • Maintenance- Protein is needed for the production of hormones and enzymes which help maintain homeostatis.
      • Deficiency
        • Marasmus - Usually in infants, leads to retarded growth. Can lead to build up of fluid beneath skin and slow repair of muscles and cuts
        • Kwashiokor- Infants again, retarded growth, extreme weight and muscle loss, oedema and more protein based than energy deficiency based
      • Nitrogen Balance
        • Nitrogen IN/OUT
        • Used to see if protein is in excess (body builders) or deficient (elderly or ill)
    • Should provide around 10-15% of energy intake based on size.

Comments

Pete Langley - Get Revising founder

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Great mindmap - thanks.

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