Plato
- Created by: emily tombs
- Created on: 16-04-14 12:06
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- Plato
- Knowledge is innate, not empirical
- Dualism: belief that humans are made of 2 parts: soul/mind and body
- Realm of appearances (our world): imperfect phenomena, visible, senses, opinions, decaying/changing
- Realm of reality: souls, perfect concepts, intelligible, beyond the senses, true knowledge, eternal/unchanging
- Forms: the eternal idea of something
- Form of the Good: the highest Form and source of all other Forms
- Evaluation
- Forms could just be ideas in people's minds - Dawkins called these memes
- Are there Forms of everything? What about suffering and disease?
- Existence of other worlds isn't proved
- Plato doesn't explain the link between Forms and the world of appearances
- Third man argument: a copy of a Form could be the start of an infinite series
- Goodness is subjective and relative
- Analogy of the Cave symbolism
- The cave: the world of appearances
- Released prisoner: philosopher
- Prisoners: rest of humanity
- Shadows/echoes: empirical knowledge
- Outside: true reality
- Sun: Form of the Good
- Journey outside: struggle for true knowledge
- Return to the cave: philosopher's attempt to explain his ideas/lead society
- Death of released prisoner: reference to death of Socrates?
- Evaluation
- Forms could just be ideas in people's minds - Dawkins called these memes
- Are there Forms of everything? What about suffering and disease?
- Existence of other worlds isn't proved
- Plato doesn't explain the link between Forms and the world of appearances
- Third man argument: a copy of a Form could be the start of an infinite series
- Goodness is subjective and relative
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