Plant cell structure
- Created by: Laura
- Created on: 27-04-14 10:13
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- Plant cell structure
- Plant cells are also eukaryotic. They therefore have a distinct nucleus and membrane bound organelles, such as mitochondria and chloroplasts
- Leaf Palisade cell
- Typical plant cell. Its function is to carry out photo-synthesis
- Long, thin cells that form continuous layer to absorb sunlight
- Numerous chloroplasts that arrange themselves in the best positions to collect the maximum amount of light
- Large vacuole that pushes the cytoplasm and chloroplasts to the edge of the cell
- Chloroplasts
- Vary in shape and size but are typically disc shaped
- The chloroplast envelope is a double plasma membrane that surrounds the organelle. Highly selective about what it allows to enter and leave the chloroplast
- The grana are stacks of up to 100 disc like structures called thylakoids. Within this is the photo-synthetic pigments called chlorophyll.
- The stroma is a fluid filled matrix where the second stage of photo-synthesis takes place.
- Function = to harvest sunlight and carrying out photo-synthesis
- Granal membranes provide large surface area, fluid of the stroma possesses all the enzymes needed to carry out the second stage of photo-synthesis
- Contain both DNA and ribosomes so they can quickly and easily manufacture proteins needed for photo-synthesis
- Cell wall
- Cell wall consists of microfibrils of cellulose embedded in a matrix.
- There is a thin layer, called the middle lamella which marks the boundary between the adjacent cell walls and cements them together
- They provide mechanical strength in order to prevent the cell bursting under pressure
- To give mechanical strength to the plant as a whole
- To allow water to pass along it and so contribute to the movement of water through the plant
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