Piliavin et al
- Created by: tori_isaac
- Created on: 20-06-18 21:57
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- Piliavin et al
- Method
- Sample
- Opportunity sample 4450 men and women passengers
- Design
- Field Experiment independent measures design snapshot study
- Independent variables
- - type of victim drunk/ cane - race of victim presence of model -size of the group
- Dependent variables
- Time taken to help - number of people who offered help
- Materials/ apparatus
- Liquor bottle and black cane
- Sample
- Background
- Murder of Kitty Genovese attacked with 38 neighbours hearing
- Bystander behaviour less willing if others around
- Diffusion of responsibility in a large group each person feels less responsible
- Aims
- Effect of variables on helping behaviour
- Race, drunk or with cane , modelling and group size
- Effect of variables on helping behaviour
- Procedure
- 103 trials each trial a 7 1/2 minute long journey on New York subway each trial had 4 students
- Victim stood in the centre of critical area and collapsed after 70 seconds stayed there until helped or train stopped
- 38 trials victim smelled of liquor the other 65 trials he carried a cane
- 4 model conditions either stood in critical area or adjacent area helping after 70 seconds after collapse or 150 seconds after collapse
- observer 1 noted race sex and location of people in critical area and RSL of who helped
- observer 2 noted RSL in adjacent area and how long it took to help after collapse / after helping of model
- Both observers recorded comments from passengers
- Results
- More likely to receive help with cane than drunk 95% v 50
- Help was faster with cane, 87% helped before model only 17% of drunk were helped
- Blacks received help less quickly than whites
- More males helped despite less passengers being male
- The early model had more of an effect that the late model
- Diffusion of responsibility was not found in this study
- Things to Remember
- All victims were male
- Its an experiment with observational techniques as there is an IV
- Method
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