Group 1 - The alkali Metals
- Created by: HRichmond
- Created on: 01-03-18 20:20
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- Group 1 - The Alkali Metals
- These are called Lithium, Sodium, and Potassium
- They all react vigorously with air and water
- The reactivity of the alkali metals increases down the group
- They must be stored under oil to keep air and water
- They produce an alkaline, metal hydroxide and hydrogen gas
- Metal + Water = Metal hydroxide + hydrogen
- Equation for the reaction of sodium and water: Sodium + Water = Sodium hydroxide + hydrogen
- The word equation for Sodium and Water: 2Na + 2H20 + H2
- Lithium is the least reactive and potassium is the most reactive of the three
- The reaction of potassium with water gives off a lilac flame
- Group 1 elements with the reaction of water
- Lithium - Fizzes steadily, gradually disappears
- Sodium - Fizzes rapidly, melts into a ball and disappears quickly
- Potassium - Ignites with sparks and a lilac flame, disappears very quickly
- Rubidium - Explodes with sparks
- Caesium - Violent explosion due to rapid production of heat and hydrogen
- The reactivity of group 1 becomes more reactive as you go down the group
- The melting points of group 1 elements
- Lithium - 181 degrees
- Sodium - 98 degrees
- Potassium - 63 degrees
- Caesium - 29 degrees
- The flame test is to test a compound to detect the presence of an alkali metal ion
- The flame colour indicates which alkali metal ion is present in the compound
- A cleaned, moistened flame test wire is dipped into a solid sample of the compound and then put into a blue Bunsen flame
- Flame colour and the alkali metal ion they represent: Red - Lithium Orange - Sodium Lilac- Potassium
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