P4 - Explaining motion
- Created by: Alasdair Olway
- Created on: 30-12-12 14:28
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- P4 - Explaining Motion
- Speed and Velocity
- Speed tells you how far an object will travel in a certain. It does not tell you the direction of travel
- Velocity tells you how far an object will travel and also its direction of travel
- Speed-Time graphs
- The slope represents the acceleration of the object. The steeper the slope, the greater the acceleration
- Velocity-Time graphs
- A velocity-time graph shows how the velocity, at which an object is moving, changes with time
- Terminal velocity is when one force is equal to another. The resultant force is 0 and the speed becomes constant
- As a skydiver jumps , he initially accelerates due to gravity, but as the jump goes on, air resistance equals the force of gravity. This means that the resultant force is 0 and he falls at a constant speed.
- Distance-Time graphs
- The slope/gradient on the graph shows:
- The speed of the object. The steeper the slope, the greater the gradien
- A distance-time graph shows how the distance traveled by an object changes with time
- The slope/gradient on the graph shows:
- Acceleration
- To calculate acceleration you need to use the formula:
- Acceleration (m/s^2) = Change in velocity (m/s) / Time taken for change (s)
- The acceleration of an object is the rate at which its velocity changes
- Deceleration is simply put, negative accelereation
- To calculate acceleration you need to use the formula:
- Forces
- Momentum
- To calculate momentum you need the formula:
- Momentum (kg m/s) = Mass (kg) / Velocity (m/s)
- To calculate change in momentum you need the formula:
- Change in momentum (kg m/s) = Resultant force (N) / Time the force for (s)
- To calculate momentum you need the formula:
- A force occurs when two objects interact with each other
- Whenever one object exerts a force on another, it always experiences an equal yet opposite force in return
- For example: A rocket's engines push gas backwards and the gas pushes the rocket forwrds
- Whenever one object exerts a force on another, it always experiences an equal yet opposite force in return
- Friction
- When two objects try to slide past each other both objects experience a force that tries to stop them moving. This is friction
- A moving object experiences friction but so do non moving objects.
- For example: A car parked on a slope is trying to roll down the hill due to gravity. But there is enough friction from the brakes to stop it
- Momentum
- Speed and Velocity
- Speed-Time graphs
- The slope represents the acceleration of the object. The steeper the slope, the greater the acceleration
- A moving object experiences friction but so do non moving objects.
- For example: A car parked on a slope is trying to roll down the hill due to gravity. But there is enough friction from the brakes to stop it
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