Aristotle

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  • Aristotle
    • The 4 Causes: Why things exist as they do
      • The Material cause- What's it made of
      • The Formal cause- What are it's charcteristics
      • The Efficient cause- How does it happen
      • The Final cause: What's it's purpose
      • Everything is in a state of change, from a state of actuality to potentialty
    • Empiricist- Knowledge is gained through observation of world
      • Materialist: Believes only the body &this current life
    • The Prime Mover:
      • Something that causes motion&change of universe without being moved
      • PM exists by necessity
      • PM is Final Cause of everything in the world
      • Not Judeo-Christian concept of God
        • Does not interact with us-Impersonal
      • PM is form of intelligence, only role is to think about its self- Immaterial
    • Potentiality &Actuality
      • When something undergoes a change from one state to another
      • Everything that exists is in a permanent state of "change"
      • Change & Motion always caused by something
      • There exists something that causes the change without being moved a- Eternal- PM
    • Russell: The universe simply exists, does not have any over-riding purpose
    • Dawkins: Evolution by natural selection has no prupose
    • "There is a substance which is eternal and unmovable and separate from sensible things… this substance is without parts and indivisible… impassive and unalterable."
  • Potentiality &Actuality
    • When something undergoes a change from one state to another
    • Everything that exists is in a permanent state of "change"
    • Change & Motion always caused by something
    • There exists something that causes the change without being moved a- Eternal- PM

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