Multistore Model of Memory (MSM)
- Created by: chloe
- Created on: 05-10-13 13:50
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- Multistore Model
- simple and useful model of memory devised by Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968)
- 3 memory stores
- STM
- has a limited capacity - 7+/-2 items (Miller, 1956)
- short duration, 3-30 seconds - decay starts after 3, unless info is reheared
- rehearsal lengthens STM
- primarily acoustic encoding
- LTM
- has an unlimited capacity
- unlimited duration
- STM
- 1) one way (linear) process, information is transferred from one store to the next.
- research evidence
- primacy and recency effect (Atkinson, 1970)
- Glanzer and Cunitz (1966) suggested that primacy effect is due to rehearsal of early items which are then encoded into LTM and recency due to items which are still in STM
- Clive Wearing
- primacy and recency effect (Atkinson, 1970)
- Evaluation
- strengths
- weakneses
- doesn't address the complexity of STM and LTM, eg if coding in STM is primarily acoustic then how can we understand language as it is spoken to us?
- represents memory stores as unitary however SM is known to have stores for each modality and that LTM has several types of stores
- rehearsal doesn't always lead to storage (Craik and Lockhart, 1972), processing is suggested as an explanation of how we remember things without rehearsing them
- 3 memory stores
- STM
- has a limited capacity - 7+/-2 items (Miller, 1956)
- short duration, 3-30 seconds - decay starts after 3, unless info is reheared
- rehearsal lengthens STM
- primarily acoustic encoding
- LTM
- has an unlimited capacity
- unlimited duration
- STM
- Sensory Memory (SM)
- stores
- visual
- holds information for 0.5 secs before it fades
- haptic
- acoustic
- lasts for around 2 seconds
- etc
- visual
- stores
- 3 stores
- episodic
- semantic
- primarily
- procedural
- shows 3 distinctive stores of memory (SM, STM and LTM). Research evidence shows differences between STM and LTM in encdoing, duration and capacity.
- strengths
- supported by primacy and recency effects
- rehearsal doesn't always lead to storage (Craik and Lockhart, 1972), processing is suggested as an explanation of how we remember things without rehearsing them
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