Multiculturalism
Red are examples, Yellow are quotations - hope it all makes sense and apologies for the formatting...it can't be helped
- Created by: Tori
- Created on: 06-05-13 18:45
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- Core Values of Multiculturalism
- Postcolonialism
- Challenged a predominantly Eurocentric world view: gave developing world a voice against western ideologies (such as liberalism)
- Allowed non-western religions, ideas and philosophies to be taken more seriously
- Rejecting Eurocentrism means getting rid of stereotypes of the 'superior' European cultures
- Highlighted the political importance of culture by viewing the 'imposed' culture as oppressive: rediscover their 'native' culture
- FRANZ FANON: emphasised links between anti-colonial struggle and violence. Studied a psycho-political regeneration, where a new 'species' is created via decolonisation
- Challenged a predominantly Eurocentric world view: gave developing world a voice against western ideologies (such as liberalism)
- Minority Rights
- 'Special' rights because they are specific to the groups to which they belong, as each minority has different developing needs depending on the character of its religion
- May also be specifically set out to advantage certain groups over other groups, thus addressing social injustice
- Multiculturalists believe in right to not be offended: protests against Rushdie's 'The Satanic Verse'
- May also be specifically set out to advantage certain groups over other groups, thus addressing social injustice
- Drawbacks: argued that giving rights to separate groups = stopping integration into larger society. Encourage 'positive discrimination' as a result. Also contradicts liberal right of freedom of expression.
- Dichotomy: cultural belonging is chosen: infringes individual rights as do not choose: is based on where come from
- Limit: Also limited as specifically sets out to advantage certain groups over others: multicult is supposed to recognise formal equality
- 'Special' rights because they are specific to the groups to which they belong, as each minority has different developing needs depending on the character of its religion
- Identity and Culture
- A form of identity politics which seeks to advantage interests of societal groups: strengthens members awareness of collective identity and common experiences
- We are defined by our culture
- Communitarian thinkers: Macintyre, Sandel --- criticise liberal individualism because viewed as cause of atomism
- Culture favoured over nature: security and identity becomes rooted in culture so pride in culture - sense of social and historical grounding
- Ethnicity
- Gives people a common identity, linked by blood (ancestor based). Loyalty towards particular population, cultural group or area: Values, traditions, Practises
- Religion
- important to non-Western groups particularly
- Can become defining feature for cultural identity: Muslim groups in non-Western societies
- important to non-Western groups particularly
- Language
- Shapes understandin and keeps traditional myths and legends alive
- Dichotomy: Particularism (MOSAIC) versus Universalism (MELTING POT) - individual focus on society or collective
- Dual Culture
- People can have multiple identities and loyalties
- Diversity is antidote to social polarisation and prejudice - creates unity
- Cultural exchange = varied lifestyle and traditions
- Use biodiversity as analogy - selecting the best of cultures and eliminating worse to form a 'super culture'
- Waldron: 'Pick 'n' Mix'
- Believe society is better if more diverse
- PROBLEM: cultural exchange can casue blurring of individual identity.
- Postcolonialism
- Self-government rights
- Should involve devolution of political powers to political units that are controlled by members of minorities.
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