Movement across membranes

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  • Movement across membranes
  • move through passive transport
    • down a concentration gradient
      • do not require energy
  • active transport
    • up a concentration gradient
      • energy is required for this
        • mainly ATP
  • down a concentration gradient
    • do not require energy
  • move materials across membranes
  • several mechanisms for:
    • bringing in materials
    • delivering materials to other parts of the body
    • removing waste products
    • plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis
  • some materials pass into+out of cells by crossing the cell membrane
    • do this without using energy
  • passive transport
    • movement of materials across a membrane that doesn't require energy from the cell
      • endocytosis
        • brings large molecules into the cell
        • active transport
        • wrap themselves around the material making a small sac
          • pinches off of the membrane into the cell, then joins with other organelles
        • exocytosis
          • reverse process
    • Example: Diffusion
      • during this, molecules will move from an area of higher concentration, to an area of lower concentration
  • concentration gradient
    • the region over which there is a change in concentration of substance
  • molecules diffuse down a concentrated gradient

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