Meta-Ethics

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  • Meta-Ethics
    • Non-Cogntivism
      • = ethical language is non-factual/subjective
      • Emotivism
        • David Hume: moral statements convey approval or disapproval.
        • Logical positivism / Vienna circle - verification principle
          • Synthetic statement; if something can be checked it is meaningful
          • Analytical statement; does not have to be checked to be meaningful.
      • Precriptionism
    • Cognitivism
      • = ethical language is factual/objective
      • Ethical Naturalism
        • = "good" can be defined w/ reference to some other property
          • property can be meta-physical
        • Good is...
          • Happiness
            • (Utilitarianism= max. happiness Hedonism = own happiness.
            • Will of God
              • Fulfilment of Purpose
                • Doing universal rational duty
                  • Kant
                  • Promoting Own Interest
                    • Egoism
                • Natural Law & Virtue Ethics
              • Divine Command Theory
      • Intuitionism
        • = "good" cannot be defined but it still intuitively known.
        • Requires information and reason

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