Managing stress
- Created by: Former Member
- Created on: 01-05-13 13:52
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- Managing stress
- Cognitive
- Rational Emotive Therapy
- Ellis
- stress arises from faulty / irrational ways of thinking
- exagerrating negative views - stress and psychological problems
- Activating experiences
- Beliefs
- Consequences
- Disputing of irrational beliefs
- Effect of restructured beliefs
- Stress Innoculation Therapy
- Meichenbaum
- Type of CBT
- 21 students
- Exam stress
- SIT, systematic desensitisation & control group
- Matched groups
- Anxiety qre, IQ test and anxiety adjective list provide a baseline sxore and allocation to groups
- 8 therapy sessions
- SIT - "insight approach", positive statements and relaxation
- SD - progressive relaxation whilst imagining progressively higher stress
- Both therapy groups showed improvement
- SIT showed most improvement and improved anxiety levels more
- SIT is an effective way of decreasing anxiety of those anxiety prone in exam situations
- More effective than behavioural (SD) due to cognitive element
- Cognitive restructuring - process of replacing stress-provoking thoughts with constructive, realistic thoughts
- Rational Emotive Therapy
- Behavioural
- Biofeedback
- Operant conditioning
- Reinforcement = increases the relaxation behaviour
- Electromyograph (EMG)
- Operant conditioning
- Budzynski
- 18 participants
- 16f 2m
- Coloraro - advert
- Tension headaches
- 3 groups: biofeedback, pseudobiofeedback and control
- BF: told clicks reflect muscle tension
- PBF: told to focus on clicks
- Practice relaxation 15-20 mins / day
- 16 sessions over 8 weeks
- Record headaches intensity 0-5
- tested for depression and hypochondria
- EMG and questionnaire after expt
- BF had a significantly lower EMG reading than PBF
- BF had significantly reduced headaches from baseline and less than PBF and C
- BF = less drug usage
- 4/7 in BF group had low headache activity after 18 months
- BF effective of training patients to relax to reduce headaches; therefore reducing stress
- Relaxation effective on own but more with BF
- Biofeedback
- Social
- Waxler-Morrison
- 133 women w/ breat canacer in a Vancouver clinic
- interviews, questionnaires and medical record checks
- qre on demography, social networks etc
- details of diagnosis
- survival and recurrance rates
- quasi - fit naturally into different levels of social networkss
- aspects linked significantly with survival
- marital status
- support from and contact with friends
- total support
- employment
- social network
- Interview data
- practical help e.g. childcare and transport were a concrete aspect
- marital status
- jobs important for support and info
- prospective study - removes biases of retrospective
- characteristics e.g. support linked to survival
- mainly influenced by state of cancer
- assumes stress is reduced
- mainly influenced by state of cancer
- Cognitive
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