Making Ammonia & Conditions
- Created by: seawhim
- Created on: 19-05-13 16:13
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- Making Ammonia
- Ammonia is a fertilizer. Hydrogen + nitrogen <-> Ammonia (reversible reaction)
- Nitrogen from air and hydrogen extracted from methane (CH4), into a REACTION VESSEL
- Ammonia created in reaction, liquefied (condensing) and then taken off and used.
- There is a tube leading back to the vessel, for unreacted hydrogen and nitrogen (since it is reversible)
- Nitrogen from air and hydrogen extracted from methane (CH4), into a REACTION VESSEL
- Ammonia created in reaction, liquefied (condensing) and then taken off and used.
- There is a tube leading back to the vessel, for unreacted hydrogen and nitrogen (since it is reversible)
- There is a tube leading back to the vessel, for unreacted hydrogen and nitrogen (since it is reversible)
- 450 DEGREES CELSIUS
- CONDITIONS
- TEMPERATURE
- HIGH TEMPERATURES favour ENDOTHERMIC (take in heat from surroundings) REACTONS
- HIGH RATE OF REACTION
- BUT
- LOW YIELD
- BUT
- COMPROMISE has to be made between yield, costs and rate of reaction.
- For example when making ammonia, low temperatures would produce a higher yield but the rate of reaction would be slow.
- Therefore 450 degrees celsius is used for a higher rate of reaction, and since it is reversible the yield is of less importance.
- For example when making ammonia, low temperatures would produce a higher yield but the rate of reaction would be slow.
- HIGH RATE OF REACTION
- LOW TEMPERATURES favour EXOTHERMIC (releases heat into surroundings) REACTIONS
- LOW RATE OF REACTION
- BUT
- HIGH YIELD
- BUT
- COMPROMISE has to be made between yield, costs and rate of reaction.
- For example when making ammonia, low temperatures would produce a higher yield but the rate of reaction would be slow.
- Therefore 450 degrees celsius is used for a higher rate of reaction, and since it is reversible the yield is of less importance.
- For example when making ammonia, low temperatures would produce a higher yield but the rate of reaction would be slow.
- LOW RATE OF REACTION
- HIGH TEMPERATURES favour ENDOTHERMIC (take in heat from surroundings) REACTONS
- PRESSURE
- HIGH PRESSURE favours the direction of reaction which produces the least number of molecules, so in ammonia a higher pressure creates more ammonia because there are 4 molecules on the left and 2 on the right.
- High pressure = higher yield & rate of reaction
- LOWER PRESSURE favours the reaction of less molecules (there's more room, they are not pushed together, split apart instead)
- Low pressure = low yield & low rate of reaction
- HIGH PRESSURE favours the direction of reaction which produces the least number of molecules, so in ammonia a higher pressure creates more ammonia because there are 4 molecules on the left and 2 on the right.
- CATALYST SPEEDS UP RATE OF REACTION
- Equilibrium is when reactions occur at the same rate in each direction
- TEMPERATURE
- CONDITIONS
- IRON CATALYST
- CONDITIONS
- TEMPERATURE
- HIGH TEMPERATURES favour ENDOTHERMIC (take in heat from surroundings) REACTONS
- HIGH RATE OF REACTION
- BUT
- LOW YIELD
- BUT
- HIGH RATE OF REACTION
- LOW TEMPERATURES favour EXOTHERMIC (releases heat into surroundings) REACTIONS
- LOW RATE OF REACTION
- BUT
- HIGH YIELD
- BUT
- LOW RATE OF REACTION
- HIGH TEMPERATURES favour ENDOTHERMIC (take in heat from surroundings) REACTONS
- PRESSURE
- HIGH PRESSURE favours the direction of reaction which produces the least number of molecules, so in ammonia a higher pressure creates more ammonia because there are 4 molecules on the left and 2 on the right.
- High pressure = higher yield & rate of reaction
- LOWER PRESSURE favours the reaction of less molecules (there's more room, they are not pushed together, split apart instead)
- Low pressure = low yield & low rate of reaction
- HIGH PRESSURE favours the direction of reaction which produces the least number of molecules, so in ammonia a higher pressure creates more ammonia because there are 4 molecules on the left and 2 on the right.
- CATALYST SPEEDS UP RATE OF REACTION
- Equilibrium is when reactions occur at the same rate in each direction
- TEMPERATURE
- CONDITIONS
- PRESSURE OF 200 ATMOSPHERES
- Ammonia created in reaction, liquefied (condensing) and then taken off and used.
- Nitrogen from air and hydrogen extracted from methane (CH4), into a REACTION VESSEL
- There is a tube leading back to the vessel, for unreacted hydrogen and nitrogen (since it is reversible)
- 450 DEGREES CELSIUS
- IRON CATALYST
- PRESSURE OF 200 ATMOSPHERES
- Ammonia created in reaction, liquefied (condensing) and then taken off and used.
- N2+3H2<->2NH3
- Nitrogen from air and hydrogen extracted from methane (CH4), into a REACTION VESSEL
- Ammonia is a fertilizer. Hydrogen + nitrogen <-> Ammonia (reversible reaction)
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