Loftus palmer
- Created by: dyalcin
- Created on: 23-03-19 14:23
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- Loftus and Palmer
- Background
- Eye Witness Testimony and memory (Barlett)
- AIM
- Effects of language on memory. Influence of post- event information
- METHOD
- Two lab experiments independent measures
- EX ONE: IV Verb in critical question "About how fast were the cars going when they ‘verb’ into each other?” DV Speed estimate
- Smashed, Hit, Collided, Bumped, Contacted
- EX TWO: IV About how fast were the cars going when they ‘verb’ into each other?” HIT SMASHED CONTROL DV: Critical question broken glass?
- EX ONE: IV Verb in critical question "About how fast were the cars going when they ‘verb’ into each other?” DV Speed estimate
- Two lab experiments independent measures
- SAMPLE
- EX2: 150 undergrads from washington
- EX1: 45 undergrads from Washington Uni
- Opportunity sample Elizabeth Loftus stuedents.
- EX2: 150 undergrads from washington
- Opportunity sample Elizabeth Loftus stuedents.
- PROCEDURE
- EX1
- Shown 7 film clips. Questionnaire with filler and critical verb.
- EX2
- 150 participants shown car crash and given questionnaire
- 50 Two: “About how fast were the cars going when they hit each other?”
- 50 One: “About how fast were the cars going when they smashed into each other?”
- 50 Three: third group of 50 did not have a question about vehicular speed.
- One week later participants asked Broken glass?
- 150 participants shown car crash and given questionnaire
- EX1
- RESULTS
- EX1: Smashed 40.8 Collided 39.9 Bumped 38.1 Hit 34.0 Contacted 31.8
- Distortion of memory or Response bias
- EX2: Participants who saw broken glass: Smashed 16 Hit 7 Control 6
- EX1: Smashed 40.8 Collided 39.9 Bumped 38.1 Hit 34.0 Contacted 31.8
- CONCLUSIONS: Two kinds of info which contribute to creation of memories: Info gained DURING and AFTER the event
- Memory is not like a tape recorder. Human memory is susceptible to change and decay.
- Small changes in information can cause distortions in memory.
- EVALUATION
- ETHICS: Knew test of memory. distracter questions needed for no demand characteristics. Car clips not gruesome
- VALIDITY: Highly Controlled Lab. Standardised procedure. However may have thought they needed to remember broken glass.
- ECOLOGICAL VALIDITY: Controlled lab, low ev. Staged directions aren't recalled in the same way as a stressful real life accident
- RELIABILITY: Highly controlled lab can be replicated scientific.
- SAMPLE BIAS: Only college students not generalisable
- Background
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