learning approach: social learning theory
- Created by: Chloewood1918
- Created on: 04-06-18 10:38
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- learning approach: social learning theory
- Key Assumptions
- Learning occurs indirectly
- Albert Bandura agreed with behaviourists ( learning occurs through experience)
- Bandura also proposed that learning takes place in social context through observation and imitation
- Learning related to consequence of behaviour ( vicarious reinforcemen)
- Children observe other's behaviour. Take note of consequences
- Behaviour that is reward = more likely to be copied
- Behaviour that is punished= less likely to be copied
- Mediational processes play crucial role in learning. There are 4 mediational processes in learning...
- 2. Retention- whether behaviour is remembered
- 1. Attention - whether behaviour is noticed
- 3. Motor reproduction - being able to do it
- 4. Motivation- the will to perform the behaviour
- 1 & 2- relate to the learning of behaviour.
- 3& 4 - relate to the performance of behaviour
- Identification with role models is improtnant
- Children are more likely to imitate the behaviour of people with whom they identify
- Such role models are similar to the observer tend to be attractive and have high status
- Children model aggressive behaviour
- Bobo doll studies suggest that children are likey to imitate acts of violence if they observe these in an adult role model
- Modelling aggressive behaviour = more likely if behaviour is rewarded - vicarious reinforcement
- Learning occurs indirectly
- Bandura's research imitation of aggression
- Study 1 children watched either...
- An adult behaving non-aggressively towards a Bobo doll
- An adult behaving aggressively towards a Bobo doll
- Given own doll - played more aggressively
- Study 2 children saw adult who was....
- rewarded
- Given own doll - played more aggressively
- punished
- received no consequence
- rewarded
- Study 1 children watched either...
- Evaluation
- Strengths
- Accounts for cultural differences in behaviour
- Shows how children learn from people around them + media - can explain how cultural norms are transmitted
- Useful to understand range of behaviours ( e.g. genders)
- less determinist than the behaviourist approach
- Emphasise reciprocal determinism - influenced by environment but also exert influence upon it through behaviours we choose to preform
- Suggests free will in the way we behave
- Emphasies improtancte of cognitive foctors in learning
- STL provides more complete explanation of human learning than behaviourist approach- recognises role of mediational processes
- Classical or operant conditioning cant offer comprehensive account of human learning as cognitive factors are omitted
- Accounts for cultural differences in behaviour
- Limitations
- Relies heavily on evidence from controlled lab studies
- Raises problems of demand ahcarteristics
- May have thought that hitting the doll was expected as that was the main puroose
- Underestimated the influence of biological factors
- Found that boys more agresive than girls regradlees of specifics of experimentasl condition
- May be explained by levels of testosterone ( greater present in boys)
- Relies heavily on evidence from controlled lab studies
- Strengths
- Key Assumptions
- OR
- Emphasies improtancte of cognitive foctors in learning
- STL provides more complete explanation of human learning than behaviourist approach- recognises role of mediational processes
- Classical or operant conditioning cant offer comprehensive account of human learning as cognitive factors are omitted
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