Karl Marx & Liberation Theology

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  • Karl Marx & Liberation Theology
    • Karl Marx
      • Alienation
        • Alienation the development of technology means people become less immediately connected to the results of their work. They end up feeling as though they are part of a machine. They feel alienated from the product, means of production, business owners and themselves.
      • Exploitation People become powerless Forced to work because need wages to survive. If they quit the owner will get someone else.Private owners of businesses run everything and profit from staff whereas the staff only have the money to survive.They cant lead fulfiliing lives.
      • Exploitation
      • Capitalism
        • Capitalism Most humans are unable to share in the means of production. Capitalism is the ultimate cause of alienation and exploitation Religion also allows this to continue A divide has been created between those who work and those who own. This is the class divide.
          • Ruling class use religion to keep social classes divided and people in control so they can stay in power. Religion is the opiate of the people The promise of a good afterlife; the promise this suffering happens for a reason allows it to continue.
    • How does Liberation Theology use Marxism?
      • -GUTTIEREZ- main developer of LibT argued the poor in Latin America were alienated & exploited by Capitalism.
      • - Christians have a duty to involve themselves in politics to stop injustice.
      • - The Church should aim to build a classless, socialist society. The Church should be free of hierarchy & not an extension of the state (Puebla agreement 1979)
      • - Latin American Catholic Bishops met in Puebla in 1979 and developed an idea called integral liberation. This is the idea that promoting liberation is an essential, vital and fundamental part of the Church’s role
      • - Jose Porfirio Miranda argued we should be suspicious of private ownership.Miranda added to Marx’s analysis by discussing the causes of injustice:
        • 2. Idolatry: the second commandment argues against idolatry. Capitalism has been worshipped instead of God.
        • 1. Human nature: capitalism is due to human sin, not just economic causes. We sinand we also want things/ desire. This causes a capitalist society.
      • Puebla stated that the Church should not be an institution but a community founded on loveand solidarity.
      • Conclusion: Both Marx and Liberation Theologists share the view that it is WE who can change society.
    • What is structural sin?
      • Is when a whole system is sinful. The capitalist system is one of sin as it leads to the poor being exploited. The Church, government, schools etc have all allowed this to happen.
    • What is the preferential option for the poor?
      • -refers to God having a special preference for the poor
      • Juan Segundo made it part of Lib T.
      • - means Christians should not remain neutral when there is injustice taking place. They should DO something about it.
      • - give priority to the poor and stand in solidarity with them.
      • -Pope Francis also supports in the Vatican.
    • Orthodoxy & Orthopraxy?
      • Orthodoxy means right belief. Orthopraxy means right practice.
      • LIBERATION THEOLOGISTS ARGUE orthopraxy must come first rather than theorising. They should put the poor before other Christian ideas.
      • ULTIMATELY, Liberation Theology wants liberation from sin and liberation from oppression.
  • Capitalism
    • Capitalism Most humans are unable to share in the means of production. Capitalism is the ultimate cause of alienation and exploitation Religion also allows this to continue A divide has been created between those who work and those who own. This is the class divide.
      • Ruling class use religion to keep social classes divided and people in control so they can stay in power. Religion is the opiate of the people The promise of a good afterlife; the promise this suffering happens for a reason allows it to continue.

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