Kantian Deontology
- Created by: TheAwesomeOne
- Created on: 10-04-15 00:08
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- Kantian Deontology
- Immanuel Kant
- was an enlightenment thinker
- refers to a general intellectual and cultural time in Europe from the middle of the 17th century to the 19th century.
- huge advances in science, engineering and agriculture
- "sapere aude" - dare to think
- use your own reason and think for yourself
- enlightenment ideas = reason, tolerance and education
- refers to a general intellectual and cultural time in Europe from the middle of the 17th century to the 19th century.
- thought there were objective moral laws
- humans knew this moral law through reason
- moral rules exist and are binding
- importance of duty
- to act morally is to do one's duty
- humans should not act out of love, compassion or inclination
- to act morally is to do one's duty
- moral statements are "a priori synthetic" - can be knowable through reasoning and may/ may not be true
- synthetic = requires empirical tests
- a priori - knowledge without reference
- synthetic = requires empirical tests
- summum bonum
- noumenal
- phenomenal
- God is a necessary postulate of practical reaason
- was an enlightenment thinker
- the categorical imperative
- Kant doesn't say what actions are morally right or wrong
- he prescribes how an action can be judged to be morally binding by the means of a categorical imperative"
- it is a logical way of determining what is right and wrong - shows us what we ought to do
- he prescribes how an action can be judged to be morally binding by the means of a categorical imperative"
- an absolute moral obligation/ duty
- not motivated by need or desire
- do it for the sake of it
- deontological - duty for duty
- do it for the sake of it
- unconditional command
- not motivated by need or desire
- 3 parts
- Treat humans as ends in themselves
- The Practical Imperative
- people should be treated with respect and not used as a means to an end
- should not treat people differently according to race, class or wealth
- people should be treated with respect and not used as a means to an end
- The Practical Imperative
- Act as if you live in a kingdom of ends
- act as through everyone is acting in the same way as you
- Universalizability (the universal law
- you need to consider whether a statement can become "universal"
- if it comes universal, it can become contradictory and worth nothing
- Contradiction of the will
- a contradiction what I want
- "Everyone should be an egoist"
- you are an egoist and so you want everyone to focus on you, but universalising the statement would make everyone focus on themselves, thus making you contradict yourself
- "Everyone should be an egoist"
- a contradiction what I want
- Contradiction of nature
- a contradiction of the meaning of the word
- "You can break a promise if entirely necessary"
- "promise" loses its meaning if universalised
- logical contradiction
- "promise" loses its meaning if universalised
- "You can break a promise if entirely necessary"
- a contradiction of the meaning of the word
- Contradiction of the will
- if it comes universal, it can become contradictory and worth nothing
- you need to consider whether a statement can become "universal"
- Treat humans as ends in themselves
- Kant doesn't say what actions are morally right or wrong
- the hypothetical imperative
- acts as a suggestion rather than an absolute
- desires/ inclinations
- a conditional command
- consequential - the end justifies the means
- acts as a suggestion rather than an absolute
- Kant's contradiction
- Kant wants people want people to act morally because it is their duty - CATEGORICAL
- however, if you act morally, you'll be rewarded in the afterlife because of postulating God - HYPOTHETICAL
- you should act out of duty's sake but with an added bonus of being rewarded
- happiness is a consequence but the theory is deonological
- Kant wants people want people to act morally because it is their duty - CATEGORICAL
- however, if you act morally, you'll be rewarded in the afterlife because of postulating God - HYPOTHETICAL
- you should act out of duty's sake but with an added bonus of being rewarded
- happiness is a consequence but the theory is deonological
- happiness is a consequence but the theory is deonological
- you should act out of duty's sake but with an added bonus of being rewarded
- however, if you act morally, you'll be rewarded in the afterlife because of postulating God - HYPOTHETICAL
- Kant wants people want people to act morally because it is their duty - CATEGORICAL
- happiness is a consequence but the theory is deonological
- you should act out of duty's sake but with an added bonus of being rewarded
- however, if you act morally, you'll be rewarded in the afterlife because of postulating God - HYPOTHETICAL
- Kant wants people want people to act morally because it is their duty - CATEGORICAL
- the highest form of good is good will
- good will = to do your duty = to perform actions that are morally required and avoid morally forbidden actions
- the most moral action is to go against your inclination
- good will = to do your duty = to perform actions that are morally required and avoid morally forbidden actions
- WD Ross
- modern deontologist
- Immanuel Kant
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