The branch of philosophy concerned with the evaluation of human conduct, including theories about which actions are right or wrong and the meaning of moral language .
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Normative Ethics
The branch of ethics concerned with developing theories concerning what is right or wrong, good or bad
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Arete
An 'excellence', or more specifically, a 'virtue' – a quality that aids the fulfilment of a thing's ergon
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Catergorical Imperative
- Act only on that maxim through which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law
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Character
person's habitual dispositions regarding what they feel, how they think, how they react, the choices they make, and the actions they perform, under different circumstances.
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Character Traits
An attribute that is exhibited by an individual as a matter of habit, e.g. honesty or being bad-tempered.
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Choice
What we decide upon as a result of deliberation, typically giving rise to voluntary action. Deliberate desire regarding something that is in one's power
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Act Consequentialism
The theory that actions are morally right or wrong depending on their consequences and nothing else. An act is right if it maximises what is good.
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Contradiction In Conception
In Kantian ethics, the test for whether we can will a maxim to become universal law can be failed if it would somehow be self-contradictory for everyone to act on that maxim.
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Contradiction In Will
In Kantian ethics, the test for whether we can will a maxim to become universal law can be failed if, although the maxim is not self-contradictory, we cannot rationally will it.
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Deontology
The study of what one must do (deon (Greek) . Deontology claims that actions are right or wrong in themselves, not depending on their consequences. We have moral duties to do things which it is right to do and moral duties not to do
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Desirable
1) worthy of being desired. 2) Capable of being desired.
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Desire
A state of mind that motivates a person to act in such a way as to satisfy the desire, e.g. if a person desires a cup of tea, they are motivated to make and drink a cup of tea.
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General Duties
Duties are obligations we have towards someone or something. General duties are those we have towards anyone, e.g. do not murder, help people in need. Specific duties are those we have because of our particular personal or social relationships.
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Perfect Duties
Perfect duties are those we must always fulfil and have no choice over when or how (e.g. do not kill). Imperfect duties are cases in which we have some choice in how we fulfil the obligation (e.g. giving to charity). No specific person can demand tha
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End
What an action seeks to achieve or secure, its aim or purpose.
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Final Ends
- An end that we desire for its own sake, we can't give some further purpose for why we seek it.
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Normative Ethics
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The branch of ethics concerned with developing theories concerning what is right or wrong, good or bad
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