Judaism - beliefs and sources of authority
- Created by: Midniht
- Created on: 22-03-16 13:11
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- Judaism - beliefs and sources of authority
- The major covenants in the Tenakh
- The Noahic Covenant
- An unconditionalcovenant between God and humanity
- God promised humanity he would never again destroy all life on Earth with a flood. The symbol of this is the rainbow
- The Abrahamic Covenant
- A conditional covenant between God and Abraham
- God promised that he would make Abrahams name great, he would have many defendants and he would be the father of nations
- Abraham was to have absolute faith in God, shown by circumcision
- The Mosaic Covenant
- A conditional covenant between God and Moses
- This brought blessing for obedience and cursing for disobedience, shown by the 613 mitzvot God gave Moses on Mt Sinai
- The Davidic Covenant
- An unconditionalcovenant between God and King David
- God promised that David's line would last forever, it would never pass away permanently
- Since the Davidic line is not in place anymore, this covenant forms the basis of the belief of the coming of the Messiah
- The Messianic Age
- Described by prophet Micah as a time when war will end, everyone will live in peace.
- The Messiah will be a direct descendant of King David.
- This belief has helped sustain Jews through times of suffering as they know that if they have fulfilled the mitzvot sufficiently, they will be resurrected for the Messianic Age
- The Messianic Age
- Since the Davidic line is not in place anymore, this covenant forms the basis of the belief of the coming of the Messiah
- The Noahic Covenant
- Jewish Concepts Of God
- God The Sustainer
- God provides food and natural resources to all mankind. This is acknowledgedby Jews when they recite grace after every meal
- God does provide enough food to sustain the entire world but it remains human responsibility to distribute this fairly
- God The Law Giver
- By obeying the mitzvot Jews are fulfilling God's will on Earth and forming a close relationship with him
- God gave the Torah to the world and the only nation that accepted the Torah was the Jews. The Jews are the most faithful or the chosen ones
- God The Judge
- God constantly judges the behaviour of every person
- Rosh Hashanah provides Jews with an opportunity to repent and reflect on their behaviour
- God The Sanctifier
- Filling the mitzvot will achieve santification as it fulfills the divine plan God has for everyone. This is to become a holy nation
- Tsedakah (helping people) is an important way to achieve holiness
- God The Sustainer
- The Tenakh (Old Testament)
- The Torah ( word of God)
- Often referred to as the 'five books of Moses', it contains the first five books of the Tenakh
- The most important part of the Tenakh
- The Ketuvim (divine inspiration from God)
- The writings: including poetry and history. Often read at festivals and fast days
- The Neviim (divine inspiration from God)
- The prophets: the words of special messengers sent by God
- The Torah ( word of God)
- The Oral Torah
- This is the result of God spending 40 days telling Moses how to keep the mitzvot
- The oral law can be changed but the written law cannot, it is set in stone
- For many years this was passed down through word of mouth
- However, due to the dispara, it was collected and written down to form:
- The Talmud
- The Mishnah
- Records the Torah, but in more detail
- For example, it lists the malahot, but explains them in detail
- The Gemara
- Extended commentary on the Misnah
- Applies the Misnah to every conceivable situation at home
- The Mishnah
- The Talmud
- However, due to the dispara, it was collected and written down to form:
- The major covenants in the Tenakh
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