Judaism - beliefs and sources of authority  

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  • Created by: Midniht
  • Created on: 22-03-16 13:11
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  • Judaism - beliefs and sources of authority
    • The major covenants in the Tenakh
      • The Noahic Covenant
        • An unconditionalcovenant between God and humanity
        • God promised humanity he would never again destroy all life on Earth with a flood. The symbol of this is the rainbow
      • The Abrahamic Covenant
        • A conditional covenant between God and Abraham
        • God promised that he would make Abrahams name great, he would have many defendants and he would be the father of nations
        • Abraham was to have absolute faith in God, shown by circumcision
      • The Mosaic Covenant
        • A conditional covenant between God and Moses
        • This brought blessing for obedience and cursing for disobedience, shown by the 613 mitzvot God gave Moses on Mt Sinai
      • The Davidic Covenant
        • An unconditionalcovenant between God and King David
        • God promised that David's line would last forever, it would never pass away permanently
          • Since the Davidic line is not in place anymore, this covenant forms the basis of the belief of the coming of the Messiah
            • The Messianic Age
              • Described by prophet Micah as a time when war will end, everyone will live in peace.
              • The Messiah will be a direct descendant of King David.
              • This belief has helped sustain Jews through times of suffering as they know that if they have fulfilled the mitzvot sufficiently, they will be resurrected for the Messianic Age
    • Jewish Concepts Of God
      • God The Sustainer
        • God provides food and natural resources to all mankind. This is acknowledgedby Jews when they recite grace after every meal
        • God does provide enough food to sustain the entire world but it remains human responsibility to distribute  this fairly
      • God The Law Giver
        • By obeying the mitzvot Jews are fulfilling God's will on Earth and forming a close relationship with him
        • God gave the Torah to the world and the only nation that accepted the Torah was the Jews. The Jews are the most faithful or the chosen ones
      • God The Judge
        • God constantly judges the behaviour of every person
        • Rosh Hashanah provides Jews with an opportunity to repent and reflect on their behaviour
      • God The Sanctifier
        • Filling the mitzvot will achieve santification as it fulfills the divine plan God has for everyone. This is to become a holy nation
        • Tsedakah (helping people) is an important way to achieve holiness
    • The Tenakh (Old Testament)
      • The Torah       ( word of God)
        • Often referred to as the 'five books of Moses', it contains the first five books of the Tenakh
        • The most important part of the Tenakh
      • The Ketuvim (divine inspiration from God)
        • The writings: including poetry and history. Often read at festivals and fast days
      • The Neviim (divine inspiration from God)
        • The prophets: the words of special messengers sent by God
    • The Oral Torah
      • This is the result of God spending 40 days telling Moses how to keep the mitzvot
      • The oral law can be changed but the written law cannot, it is set in stone
      • For many years this was passed down through word of mouth
        • However, due to the dispara, it was collected and written down to form:
          • The Talmud
            • The Mishnah
              • Records the Torah, but in more detail
              • For example, it lists the malahot, but explains them in detail
            • The Gemara
              • Extended commentary on the Misnah
              • Applies the Misnah to every conceivable situation at home

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