Identifying Compounds
Cations
Anions
Flame tests and identifing compounds
- Created by: Clare
- Created on: 19-02-13 21:11
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- Identifying Compounds
- Flame Tests
- Li+ (Lithium)
- Red
- Na+ (Sodium)
- Yellow
- K+ (Potassium)
- Lilac
- Ca2+ (Calcium)
- Brick Red
- Metal cations (positive)
- Li+ (Lithium)
- Test for gases
- Hydrogen
- A lit splint in a test tube of hydrogen extinguishes with a 'squeaky pop'
- Oxygen
- Relights a glowing splint
- Carbon Dioxide
- Turns limewater cloudy/ milky
- Calcium hydroxide solution
- Turns limewater cloudy/ milky
- Ammonia
- Alkali
- Litmus paper: RED to BLUE
- Forms white smoke (Ammonium Chloride) when reacted with Hydrogen Chloride gas
- Alkali
- Chlorine
- Litmus paper: BLUE to RED then bleached white
- Hydrogen
- Test for So4: Sulphate ions
- Mix sulphate solution with hydrochloric acid and barium chloride
solution
- White precipitate of barium sulphate
- Mix sulphate solution with hydrochloric acid and barium chloride
solution
- Test for Co3(2-) Carbonate ions
- Add hydrochloric acid
- If carbonate ions are present carbon dioxide is produced
- Test using limewater
- Testing for Halide ions
- Halogens (group 7) form ions called halides
- Identified using precipitate colours
- Precipitate formed= ions present
- Cl- (Chlorine)
- White
- Br- (Bromine)
- Cream
- I- (Iodine)
- Yellow
- Anions- negative ions
- Precipitation Reactions
- Transition metals in a solution form a precipitate (insoluble salt)
- Mix with sodium hydroxide solution
- Cu2+
- Blue
- Fe2+
- Green
- Fe3+
- Orange
- Test for NH4+ (Ammonia ions)
- Mix sodium hydroxide with ammonia solution
- Pungent smelling gas is produced (see test for ammonia gas)
- Flame Tests
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