History 1900's Onwards and new Policing and Punishments
- Created by: paddy01
- Created on: 21-04-17 16:27
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- History 1900's Onwards and policing.
- In the second half of the 20th century reported crime had risen.
- The Media and Crime.
- Example of online crime: Cyberbullying, hacking, terrorism, phishing and blackmarket selling.
- Newspapers, radio and television cover crime reports and make criminals faces wanted through media on a global scale.
- Crime television programmes- "Crimewatch"- makes the public more aware of crimes and how to tackle them.
- Heighbourhood watch programmes.
- Motor car crime
- Car theft: Over half a million cars stolen in 1996.
- Terrorism plays a major role in motor car crime and they use these methods of transport to their advantages negatively.
- Drug crimes. Smuggling is used to smuggle new things such as drugs and even people.
- Development of policing.
- Sir John and Henry Fielding and the Bow Street Runners: First professional police force consisting of 8 men. Founded 1797.
- Development of weapons.
- Changing attitudes towards crime and punishment.
- Derek Bentley: "Let him have it!"
- Hanged in 1953. Wandsworth Prison. 19years old.
- Killing PC Miles. Christopher Craig let off as he was a juvenile.
- A large crowed of people gathered outside of Wandsworth Prison, against him being hanged.
- The death of Derek Bentley had changed the publics attitude towards the death penalty and eventually contributed to the decision to abolish it.
- Death Penalty was abolished in 1965.
- The Bloody Code
- Waltham Black Act in 1723 imposed the death penalty for almost over two hundred crimes, often petty.
- Its aim was to deter people from committing the most petty of crimes to extreme crimes.The system was not lenient.
- Abolished in 1827 by Sir Robert Peel who also created the Metropolitan Police in 1829.
- Derek Bentley: "Let him have it!"
- Crime During the War
- DORA (Defence of the Realm Act) allowed the government to take control of coal mines, railway and shipping. Passed in August 1914.
- Conscription in 1916 meant that conscientious objectors (CO'S) could be imprisoned.
- Women were recruited in the armed forces as nurses, drivers and factory workers. Many women were expected to return to home life after the war but many men were impressed by their war efforts and how well they worked in male jobs.
- Absolutists refused to contribute to war efforts at all.
- Public were harsh toward CO's as they were seen as cowards. Feathers through letter boxes to convey cowardice.
- More lenient in WW2 as CO's were allowed to work in farming and factory work and less were sent to prison. However, the publics opinion had changed less.
- Changes in prisons.
- Elizabeth Fry (Born in 1780)
- Inspired by a speaker at Church to help people. She went to prisons in hope to reform.
- She offered education to the prisoners and made clothing for the children.
- Was shocked at the harsh conditions in prisons and looked to improve them.
- John Howard
- 1774 Parliamentary acts.
- Abolished Gaolers fees and improved health condition to also improve prisoner health.
- 1774 Parliamentary acts.
- Elizabeth Fry (Born in 1780)
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