The Helsinki Accords

A mindmap detalilng the results of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe which led the Helsinki Accords in 1975.

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  • Helsinki Accords
    • Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe
      • Held in Helsinki
      • Began in  July 1973
      • Lasted for two years and finished in a summit meeting between 30 July and 1 August 1975
    • 35 states were involved including all of Europe and the USA and Canada
    • Agreement known as the Final Act or Helsinki Accords
    • Basket 1: Security in Europe
      • Respect for Sovereignty and equality among states
      • The rejection of the threat of use of force
      • The peaceful settlement of disputes
      • Recognition of misting frontiers
      • Territorial integrity to be recognised and acknowledged
      • Non-intervention in the internal affairs of other states
      • Equal rights and self-determination of peoples
      • Cooperation among states
      • The fulfilment of international obligations
      • Agreed to give notification of large military exercises in advance
    • Basket 2: Cooperation in the Fields of Economics, of Science and Technology and of the Environment
      • Agreements on the following were made:
        • Trade and industrial cooperation
        • Transportation
        • Science and technology
        • Promotion of tourism
        • Environment and issues on migrant labour
    • Basket 3: Cooperation in Humanitarian and other fields
      • Cultural and educational exchange
      • Sought to encourage freer movement of people, information and ideas
    • Aims of the Soviet Union
      • Aimed to expand Ostpolitik
      • Wanted to increase the acceptance of the status quo in central and eastern Europe
      • Increase international trade by deceasing barriers between states
    • The USA's position
      • Wasn't comfortable with accepting the status quo in Eastern Europe
      • Worried that western European security would mean a reduced need for military programmes through NATO
  • Further the process of East-West détente.
    • Aims of the Soviet Union
      • Aimed to expand Ostpolitik
      • Wanted to increase the acceptance of the status quo in central and eastern Europe
      • Increase international trade by deceasing barriers between states

Comments

NZLHistory

Report

A useful summary of the 1975 agreement. It provides clear information on the three baskets and the role of the two superpowers.

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