Genetic Fingerprinting
- Created by: beth-marie2511
- Created on: 21-06-16 00:33
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- Genetic Fingerprinting
- Uses
- Paternity Testing
- DNA fingerprinting is used to probe our heredity
- Comparing the banding patterns of a child with a possible parent to generate the probability of relatedness
- If two banding patterns are similar enough then those two people are most likely related
- Comparing the banding patterns of a child with a possible parent to generate the probability of relatedness
- DNA fingerprinting is used to probe our heredity
- Crime Scenes
- DNA samples gathered at a crime scene can be compared with the DNA of a suspect to determine whether or not they were present
- Genetic Disease
- Helps us predict our future health
- Can track down the genetic bases of inherited diseases
- If a pattern continually occurs in different patients scientists can narrow it down to which genes are possibly involved
- Can be used pre-natally to screen both parents and foetus for inherited abnormalities
- E.G. Muscular Dystrophy
- Can be used pre-natally to screen both parents and foetus for inherited abnormalities
- Paternity Testing
- Technique
- 1. DNA is separated from the sample and RESTRIC-TION ENDO-NUCLEASES cut the DNA into sections
- 2. DNA fragments are separated in AGAROSE gel using ELECTRO-PHORESIS - DNA fragment are exposed to an electric current
- DNA is negatively charged and moves to the negative end - smaller fragments move further and faster, creating bands according to fragment size
- 3. Fragments are transferred to a nylon membrane - Southern Blotting
- Radioactive DNA probes attach to specific portions of the fragments - core sequences
- 4. Portions of DNA not bound are washed off
- Remaining DNA still attached to the nylon membrane is placed next to a sheet of x-ray film
- Radioactive probes on the DNA expose the film to reveal a banding pattern.
- Remaining DNA still attached to the nylon membrane is placed next to a sheet of x-ray film
- Technique for determining the likelihood that genetic material came from a particular individual or group
- 'Bands' of DNA are generated when stretches of DNA are cut up at the points of difference in the nucleotide chain
- The number and width of the bands create a unique profile
- 'Bands' of DNA are generated when stretches of DNA are cut up at the points of difference in the nucleotide chain
- Exons are regions of DNA that code for proteins
- Introns are areas of noncoding DNA found between exons - they contain blocks of repeated nucleotides
- The number of times these blocks are repeated produces variation in individuals
- Introns are areas of noncoding DNA found between exons - they contain blocks of repeated nucleotides
- Uses
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