Gas exchange
- Created by: lavithedemon
- Created on: 13-04-16 11:53
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- Gas exchange
- ventilation maintains concentration gradient of oxygen and carbon dioxide between air in alveoli and blood flowing in adjacent capillaries
- happens by diffusion between air in the alveoli and blood flowing in adjaent capillaries
- type I pneumocytes are extremely thin alveolar cells that are adapted to carry out gas exchange
- type II pneumocytes secrete a solution containing surfactant that creates a moist surface inside the alveoli to prevent the sides of the alveolus adhering to each other by reducing surface tension
- surfactant helps oxygen to diffuse to the blood
- air is carried to the lungs in the trachea and then to the alveoli in bronchioles
- trachea
- lungs with bronchus
- bronchioles
- alveoli
- bronchioles
- lungs with bronchus
- trachea
- muscle contraction cause the pressure change inside the thorax that force air in and out of the lungs to ventilate them
- inspiration
- diaphram downwards and flatterns
- ribcage upwards and outwards
- volume increases, pressure descreases
- expiration
- diaphram upwards and becomes more domed
- ribcage moves downwards and inward
- volume decrease, pressure increases
- inspiration
- different muscles are required for inspiration and expiration because muscles only do work when they contract
- antagonistic pairs
- ventilation maintains concentration gradient of oxygen and carbon dioxide between air in alveoli and blood flowing in adjacent capillaries
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