6.4 Gas Exchange
- Created by: alllllllllllllllll
- Created on: 15-05-18 19:28
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- 6.4 Gas exchange
- Fundamental distinctions
- Ventilation: air moving in& out of the lungs
- Gas exchange: Exchange of oxygen & carbon dioxide in the lungs
- Respiration: chemical reaction that occurs in living cells to release energy
- Inspiration
- Diaphragm & external intercostal muscles contract
- Internal intercostal & abdominal muscles RELAX
- Volume of thoracic cavity increases causing lungs to increase in size
- pressure in lungs decreases
- air rushes in to even out pressure
- Ribs move up & out & diaphragm moves down
- Antagonistic muscles
- occurs in pairs: as 1 muscle contracts, other relaxes
- structure & function of ALVEOLI are linked in gas exchange
- TYPE 1 pneumocytesthin walls: short distance for diffusion
- TYPE 2 pneumocytesproduce surfactant fluid: prevents adhesion by reducing surface tension and helps gas diffuse
- large blood supply: maintains concentrationgradienj in blood
- large surface area of alveoli: facilities diffusion
- Lung cancer
- cells that grow divide uncontrolable
- body can eliminate cells but not always
- cells that grow divide uncontrolable
- Emphysema
- causes destruction of alveoli
- big holes and thicker walls
- causes destruction of alveoli
- Fundamental distinctions
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