functions of sleep
- Created by: Molly
- Created on: 27-11-12 17:14
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- functions of sleep
- evolutionary explanations
- behaviours evolve and develop if they provide selective advantages for the animal involved
- in relation to sleep, sleep has evolved into essential behaviour because it provides selective advantages
- focuses on ecological niches ( lifestyle of animals)
- ENVIRONMENT: e.g aquatic or terrestrial. dolphins have adapted to sleep so they can breathe. also some are diurnal or nocturnal so they are adapted to be active only in part of every 24 hours.
- PREDATOR/PREY: whether its carnivorous or an animal that is preyed upon. prey animals often more vulnerable especially when sleep
- SLEEP SITE: exposed or safe place
- SIZE: larger animals tend to sleep less.
- LESKU ET AL (2006) anaylsed data on sleep patterns from 54 species and looked at body mass, brain mass, BMR, sleep exposure index and trophic position.
- research evidence
- hibernation theory WEBB (1982) uses analogy of hibernation, animals such as bears hibernate over winter to conswerve energy at times when hunting is impossible.
- ALLISON AND CICCHETTI (1976) found prey animals sleep significantly less than predators.
- predator prey status MEDDIS (1975) proposed that sleep keeps vulnerable prey animals safe at times when normal activities are imposible.
- AO3: relies heavily on non human studies, ethical issues, wild/ captivity = different behaviour. extrapolation.
- behaviours evolve and develop if they provide selective advantages for the animal involved
- evaluation of evolutionary approach
- correlational designs- cannot identify cause and effect
- the studies in this area consist of observations and measurementsof sleep patterns in as many species as possible. other factors can influence.
- assume any current behaviour or characteristic must have an evoloutionary advantage, some charactersitics may simply be neutral, niether advantage or disadvantage.
- not reductionist: looks at ecologoical and physiological vairables.
- evolutionary explanations
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