Ecological/ Evolutionary:
Ecological theories of sleep agree with restoration theories in that they suggest that since sleep is common to so many animals it must serve a useful purpose. However, the ecological view looks at sleep from an evolutionary perspective. In other words, sleep is analyses in terms of the survival advantage it confers on animals that do it. There are several strands to the ecological approach.
-Small animals, which lose heat faster than large ones, will sleep more.
-Dietary factors will be related to sleep habits. Animals with an energy-rich diet will be able to sleep more because they need to spend less time looking for food.
-Predators will sleep more than prey species.
-Animals will show adaptation to specific environmental challenges they face.
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