FAMILY DIVERSITY
- Created by: LaurenKSmith
- Created on: 19-04-16 11:27
View mindmap
- FAMILY DIVERSITY
- Types of Family Diversity
- nuclear
- extended
- reconstituted
- single parent
- same sex family
- beanpole
- Increasing
- Growing trend of voluntay childlessness
- lack of social pressure and stigma
- women enjoy careers and working lives
- women enjoy high standards of living and varied leisure ativities
- Rise in Singlehood
- large number elderly widowed
- growing number of people (either sex) choosing to live alone
- Anthony Giddens said living alone would increase and become a valued option
- Increase in young people still living with parents
- houses too expensive to buy/rent
- delay of marriage
- don't want to commit to cohabitation
- go to local unis and stay home to save costs
- Growing trend of voluntay childlessness
- Research
- Rapoport & Rapoport (1982) identified types of family diversity
- 3) Social Class Diversity - differences on child rearing, norms and values
- e..g education - private schools for upper class, middle class look for a good school and working class the local comprehensive
- 2) Cultural Diversity - variations in lifestyle of families from different ethnic origins & religious beliefs
- e.g. sex before marriage/cohabitation, Afro-Caribbean families 65% single parent families
- 4) Life Cycle Diversity - depending on what stage in life cycle they are
- 1) Oragnisational e.g. nuclear, extended etc.
- 5) Geographical Diversity - some areas in the UK categorised by certain family types
- 3) Social Class Diversity - differences on child rearing, norms and values
- Cheal (1993)
- argues family hasundergone major change and is no longer predicatble - people nw have more choices
- Rapoport & Rapoport (1982) identified types of family diversity
- New Types of Family Diversity
- Sexual Diversity
- Weeks, Heaphy & Donovan (1999) increase in gay families, see themselves as ‘chosen families’.
- Roseneil (2005) development of chosen families to the breakdown of the ‘heteronorm’
- a belief that all intimate relationships should be based on heterosexuality.
- TV programmes such as Friends, Modern Family, Will and Grace show alternatives
- Civil Partnerships Act 2004 & the Marriage Act 2014 has legitimised gay & lesbian relationships.
- Surrogate Motherhood
- New reproductive technologies from 1978
- Louise Brown was the first ‘test tube’ baby born through IVF
- adds to the complexity of possible family types & has even led to a grandmother giving birth to her own grandchild.
- Arranged Marriage
- stereotypically young reluctant women forced by older relatives t marry someone she hardly knows
- actually more negotiation and choice involved for the couple
- still some communities who abide by fundamentalist religious practices & traditional cultural norms
- known as forced marriages
- Sexual Diversity
- Causes of Family Diversity
- secularisation - less religious influences e.g. sex before marriage
- easier to divorce due to legislation
- lack of social stigma = more accepted family types
- Allan & Crow (2001) - there is no longer an average family - more unpredictable course
- rising divorce
- rise in acceptance of cohabitation
- rise in acceptance of single parent families
- declining marriage rates
- growth in reconstituted families
- Types of Family Diversity
Comments
No comments have yet been made