factor affecting the accuracy eye witness testimony (pt2)

anxiety

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  • Created by: Humanur
  • Created on: 06-06-21 00:45
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  • factor affecting the accuracy eye witness testimony (pt2)
    • anxiety
      • positive effects
        • Yiulle  and Cutshall
          • 21 people witnessed the murder of a gun shop owner
            • 13 people agreed to tak epart in the study
              • they were asked to rate their stress level at the time and to recall detaills
                • the more anxious they were the better their recall- anxiety enhanced memory and recall
    • negative effects
      • Oue et al
        • participants viewing emotionally neutral events and a group viewing emotionally negative events and found that the latter generally had poorer recall
      • Deffenbacher
        • meta analysis (20+ studies) ewt was negatively effected by hightened anxiety
      • repression
        • Freud: stressful situations which were intertwined with anxiety would ultimately form memories which could be difficult to recall
        • repression is the wat the mind copes with pain so the person can move on
          • the memories can be retrieved through psycho analysis and extended therapy
      • anxious state leads to lack of concentration
    • evaluation
      • strength: evidence showing the positive effects of anxiety has on recall
        • counterpoint: researcher interviewed participants 4-15 months after so they couldn't control what happened between the event an dthe interview
        • Chrisiason and Huinette
          • 58 witnesses to an actual bank robberies
            • some directly involved (bank workers) some indirectly involved (bystanders)
              • direct witnesses (more anxious), more accurate
      • limitation:the study by Johnson and Scott is that it may not have been tested
        • Pickell
          • conducted an experiment using scissors, a hand gun, a wallet, raw chicken
            • eyewitness accuracy was significantly poorer in high unusualness conditions
            • scissors= high anxiety, low unusualness
      • strength: evidence supporting the view that anxiety has negative effects on the accuracy of recall
        • Valentine and Mesout
          • supports the research on the weapons focus, finding negative effects on recall
            • used an objective measure (heartrate) to divide participants into high and low anxiety groups
            • in this study anxiety clearly had negative effects on recall
    • Yerkes and  Dodson
      • devised a scale in order to explain the contradictory avidnece around anxiety and memory
        • the scale
  • Johnson and Scott
    • a study to examine the effect of anxiety on memory and recall
      • 1) a conversation held in the room next door followed by a man walking through with a pen and grease on his hands
      • 2) a heated exchange (heard by the participants) breaking glass, then a men with a knife and blood on his hand
        • 1) 49% correctly i dentified him
          • 1) a conversation held in the room next door followed by a man walking through with a pen and grease on his hands
          • high anxiety leads to more errors
    • negative effects
      • Oue et al
        • participants viewing emotionally neutral events and a group viewing emotionally negative events and found that the latter generally had poorer recall
      • Deffenbacher
        • meta analysis (20+ studies) ewt was negatively effected by hightened anxiety
      • repression
        • Freud: stressful situations which were intertwined with anxiety would ultimately form memories which could be difficult to recall
        • repression is the wat the mind copes with pain so the person can move on
          • the memories can be retrieved through psycho analysis and extended therapy
      • anxious state leads to lack of concentration

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