Employment, housing and social benefits, 1917-1985
- Created by: warden_squad
- Created on: 16-04-19 14:16
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- Employment, housing and social benefits, 1917-1985
- Labour market under Lenin
- Factories found themselves without enough workers when workers went to the countryside where food was more reliable
- Government passed a decree saying that people had to take work if it was offered to them
- There were over one million workers unemployed by 1926 due to peasants drifting into the cities
- Arteli were groups of workers who worked and were paid as a group
- similar to collectivised peasant groups (but non-compulsory) in that they pooled resources
- Factories found themselves without enough workers when workers went to the countryside where food was more reliable
- Industrialisation and full employment
- The number of hired workers rose from 11.6 million in 1928 to 27 million in 1937
- factories set excessive targets, forcing factories to use every available source of labour- factories would run 24 hours a day
- In 1927, a Soviet worker produced half of what a British worker could produce
- In 1931, the wage gap between skilled and unskilled workers grew so that skilled workers wouldn't go to the countryside
- the government used honours and medals to motivate workers
- harsh punishments were introduced for absence in 1931, and in 1939 it was made a criminal offence
- labour camp inmates rose from less than 1.5 million in 1945 to 2.5 million in 1953
- Housing
- In 1917, the Bolsheviks confiscated big houses, partitioned them and rented them to families of workers
- housing did not receive enough resources comparative to the demand
- workers had to sleep in huts, tents and even the factories
- In 1936, only 6% of rented units had more than one room and for 24% it was part of one room
- Social benefits
- By the 1930s, cheap food was available in workforce canteens
- Workers were given two weeks paid holiday
- A compulsory vaccination programme was implemented in 1921 to deal with a serious cholera outbreak
- Patients had no choice in health care and all medicines had to be paid for (at a subsidised rate)
- Labour market under Lenin
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