ecological explanations
done in note form
- Created by: Rhianna Hall
- Created on: 13-06-14 09:50
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- ecological explanations
- key focus
- closer to city centre = anomie - no-one knows you
- soc cont in city = lim
- > comm & resp => fall in crime
- Tonnies
- "the lonely crowd"
- less face-to-face familiarity
- "the lonely crowd"
- Shaw & McKay
- EVAL
- crime rates vary in area
- couldn't reproduce concentric circles
- ignores m/c crime
- ignores gentrification in 80's
- ignores labelling process
- Chicago sociology
- EVAL
- Routine activities
- Cohen & Felson
- crime occurs in fam areas, low risk areas - these risks & targets = linked to activities & lives of victim
- crime > likely happ when victim & offenders day coincides
- no capable guardian e.g. pol officer; time & place - > likely to happ in evening down a quiet street
- EVAL
- maybe done in not-known areas - no-one knows them
- happ in daylight as well
- ignores w.c.c.
- Cohen & Felson
- Oppertunity theory
- Clarke
- 2 elements - how attractive target is (how much gains) & how accurate target is (how easy)
- EVAL
- may be slpit second decision - e.g. stealing handbag
- Clarke
- housing policy
- concentration of del in certain areas linked to local council policies (LCP)
- e.g. LCP of housing problem fams together - those areas = high crime areas
- Baldwin & Boltoms
- compared 2 sim local auth housing estates sep by dual carrigeway
- Gardenia - 350% > crime than Stonewall; 300% > offenders
- difference was result of 'tipping'
- anti-social min grow & beh drives law-obiders away
- compared 2 sim local auth housing estates sep by dual carrigeway
- EVAL
- Morns found no diff bet people's v's in high del areas & m/c
- concentration of del in certain areas linked to local council policies (LCP)
- differential association
- Sutherland & Cressey
- likely to become crim is receive excess def fav to violation of law
- > likely to do themselves if react w/ law breakers
- defs vary in... FDPI
- likely to become crim is receive excess def fav to violation of law
- EVAL
- how do you measure these defs?
- either become crim or not - too simplistic
- then wives of crims = crim - not always the case
- Sutherland & Cressey
- key focus
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