Dynamic Development: Ethiopia
- Created by: 15patersond
- Created on: 09-02-20 11:21
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- Dynamic Development: Ethiopia
- Level of Development in Ethiopia
- GNI/Capita= $505
- Economy growing 2.6%/year
- HDI: 165/188 countries worldwide
- Primary sector education + labour
- 89% of exports
- Coffee
- Oily Seeds
- Vegetables and Legumes
- 80% of all jobs
- 89% of exports
- Population: 94 million in 11 million km²
- 33% birth rate
- 9% death rate
- LE=63yrs
- 28% of population with malnutrition
- What has influenced Ethiopia's development?
- Human Factors
- Pre-1935
- Was once called Abyssinia - avoided colonial rule.
- 1935-41
- Italy took control, but regained independence via rebels + Britain support
- 1941-74
- Years of unrest after WW2 led to a successful military coup by USSR in 1974.
- 1974-87
- 1.4 million died in the civil war, Derg government remained in power until 1987
- 1977-78: the Ethiopian "Red Terror" - 50,000 people killed and 1.5 million relocated
- 1.4 million died in the civil war, Derg government remained in power until 1987
- 1984-85
- Mid 1980s onwards: severe drought, eventual famine
- 1984-85 Live Aid famine killed 1mill in 1 year, over $2000 mill in food donated.
- Ethiopia is still food deficient.
- 1984-85 Live Aid famine killed 1mill in 1 year, over $2000 mill in food donated.
- Mid 1980s onwards: severe drought, eventual famine
- 1991-2001
- Became Federal Democratic Republic: free trade, farmers given benefits
- 2001-Now
- The Growth and Development Plan with MDGs is reducing poverty.
- Since 2012, new training has increased crop yield for farmers.
- The Growth and Development Plan with MDGs is reducing poverty.
- Pre-1935
- Physical Factors
- Climate
- Unreliable Rainfall
- Climate change altering monsoon and dry seasons
- Eastern Areas = Drought, desertification Western Areas = Mild and Wet
- Landscape
- Central and Western = Mountainous
- Soils are dry in lowlands and too soggy in highlands
- Livestock limited to lowlands = desertification
- Lowlands have mosquitos and malaria
- Livestock at risk of disease or malnutrition
- Climate
- Human Factors
- GNI/Capita= $505
- Rostow's Model
- Ethiopia is in stage 1
- Economy based on primary sector
- Negative balance of trade
- Low GNP
- It is moving into stage 2
- Government spending improving healthcare
- Arrival of TNCs investing in their economy
- Newer methods of agriculture is improving QOL
- Ethiopia is in stage 1
- To what extent have the MDGs been achieved for Ethiopia
- Eradicate extreme poverty + hunger
- Achieve universal primary education
- Gender Equaltiy
- Global partnerships for development
- Reduce Child Mortality
- Improve maternal heath
- Combat disease
- Level of Development in Ethiopia
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