Drainage Basin
- Created by: Natasha
- Created on: 19-01-13 16:26
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- Drainage Basins
- an area of land drained by a river and its tributaries
- source - the start of a river, usually found in high land
- watershed - the boundary of a drainage basin, follows a ridge of high ground
- confluence - where two rivers meet for example the river lagan and the ravernet river
- mouth - the end point of a river, when a river enters a lake ocean or sea
- tributary a small river that runs into a bigger one, for example the ravernet river is a tributary of the river lagan
- inputs - water that enters the system through precipitation
- rain, snow, sleet or hail
- outputs - where water is lost to the system
- rivers carry it to the sea
- evapo-transpiration - loss of moisture
- evaporation -directly from rivers or lakes
- transpiration - directly from plants
- stores - places where the water is held
- lake,pond, puddle, plants
- interception - when water is caught temporarily by leaves, trees and plants, usually in the canopy
- surface storage - when water forms pools, puddles or lakes and is temporarily held
- soil moisture storage - when water is temporarily stored in the soil below ground
- ground water storage - when water is temporarily stored at a depth in rocks
- transfers - processes by which water flows, or moves, through the system
- infiltration - the downward movement of water through tiny pores in the soil from the surface into the ground
- stemflow - water falling from the canopy to the ground
- percolation - downwards movement of water
- run off - movement over surface occurs when rain etc. is too heavy for water to infiltrate into the soil, when the ground is impermeable or when soil is saturated
- throughflow - sideways movement of water through saturated soil
- groundwater flow - sideways movement of water in deeper soil/rocks, through saturated soil
- river channel flow - water in the river travelling towards the sea
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